Core-collapse supernovae (SNe) are powerful neutrino sources and as such important targets for the growing array of neutrino observatories. We review the current status of SN theory and the expected characteristics of the neutrino signal. After recalling what we have learned from SN 1987A and general SN properties we review the physics potential of a future galactic SN observation. Supernovae a...

We present optical spectroscopic and photometric observations of supernova (SN) 2008D, associated with the luminous X-ray transient 080109, at > 300 days after the explosion (nebular phases). We also give flux measurements of emission lines from the H ii region at the site of the SN, and estimates of the local metallicity. The brightness of the SN at nebular phases is consistent with the predic...

Von Fintel, Fox and Iatridou 2005/2012 argue that 'the NP' should not be taken to refer to the largest NP-object, as is commonly thought, but rather to the object x such that the proposition 'x satisfies NP' is maximally informative. In particular, they show that in some cases an informativity-based treatment correctly predicts that 'the NP' should refer to the smallest rather than to the large...

On July 9, 1962, at 0900 UT (Universal Time) a nuclear device of 1.4-megatons yield was detonated at 400 km above Johnston Island in the Pacific Ocean. Since the explosion took place in the trapping region of the magnetosphere, an artificial radiation belt of considerable intensity was produced. The possible sources of the radiation belt were: (I ) beta-decay electrons from the fission fragment...

We present a detonating failed deflagration model of Type Ia supernovae. In this model, the thermonuclear explosion of a massive white dwarf follows an off-center deflagration. We conduct a survey of asymmetric ignition configurations initiated at various distances from the stellar center. In all cases studied, we find that only a small amount of stellar fuel is consumed during deflagration pha...

Starbursts are associated with distinct time scales spanning at least three orders of magnitude from 10 to 10 yr. The triggering of nuclear starbursts occurs over 10 to 10 yr, when gas is flowing to the galaxy center due to angular momentum loss, thereby raising the nuclear gas density. Star formation then increases as a result of the increased gas pressure. In addition, spontaneous star format...

In research or experimental works related to blast loads, the amount of explosion material and distance of explosion point are very important. So, in this paper has been attempted to present a parametric study of the reactive powder concrete subjected to blast load. The effect of the different amount of TNT adopted the literature, distance of explosion point from RPC slab and also the location ...

the history of five thousand years of human civilization (with only 292 years with no war) and the experiencesof the past two decades of our country shows that the enemies’ approach is based on strong air attack just inthe first month, and civilians bombarding begins if the spirit of national defense continues after two weeks.so the buildings in the cities are damaged in different ways by the a...