BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure of the fetus to ethanol (EtOH) can be teratogenic. We previously showed that EtOH alters the cell fate of human neural stem cells (NSC). As Wnt signaling plays an important role in fetal brain development, we hypothesized that EtOH suppresses Wnt signaling protein expression in differentiating NSC and thereby contributes to fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. METHODS...

tion of our model to study medulloblastoma, and subsequent studies have indicated significant efficacy of the classical al kylators cyclophosphamide and melphalan against the human medulloblastoma cell line TE-671 growing s.c. and intracra nially in athymic mice (18—21). We now extend these observa tions and report the in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of TE-671 to sevenclassicalalkylators. Ag...

Since the discovery of neural stem cells (NSC) in the embryonic and adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS), there have been a growing numbers of tissue culture media and protocols to study and functionally characterize NSCs and its progeny in vitro. One of these culture systems introduced in 1992 is referred to as the Neurosphere Assay, and it has been widely used to isolate, expand, diff...

Throughout life, neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult hippocampus persistently generate new neurons that modify the neural circuitry. Adult NSCs constitute a relatively quiescent cell population but can be activated by extrinsic neurogenic stimuli. However, the molecular mechanism that controls such reversible quiescence and its physiological significance have remained unknown. Here, we show t...

Neural stem cells (NSCs) reside in a hypoxic microenvironment within the brain. However, the crucial transcription factors (TFs) that regulate NSC biology under physiologic hypoxia are poorly understood. Here we have performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of microarray datasets from hypoxic versus normoxic NSCs with the aim of identifying pathways and TFs that are activated under oxygen ...

ABSTRACT The Milky Way nuclear star cluster (NSC) is located within the stellar disc (NSD) in Galactic Centre. It not fully understood if formation and evolution of these two components are connected, how they influence each other. We study populations transition region NSC NSD. observed ?4.3 pc2 fields with integral-field spectrograph KMOS (VLT), at r ? 20 pc (>4 Re) to East West NSC. e...

Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) have a remarkable capacity to proliferate and differentiate to other cell types. This ability to differentiate to desirable phenotypes has motivated clinical interests, hence the interest here to segment Neural Stem Cell (NSC) clusters to locate the NSC clusters over time in a sequence of frames, and in turn to perform NSC cluster motion analysis. However the manual seg...

Neural stem cells (NSCs) have a unique role in neural regeneration. Cell therapy based on NSC transplantation is a promising tool for the treatment of nervous system diseases. However, there are still many issues and controversies associated with the derivation and therapeutic application of these cells. In this review, we summarize the different sources of NSCs and their derivation methods, in...

Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult mammalian brain serve as a reservoir for the generation of new neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize adult NSC populations and examine the molecular identities and heterogeneity of in vivo NSC populations. We find that cells in the NSC lineage exist on a continuum through the processes of activati...

The number of elderly patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) is increasing worldwide, representing a serious burden for both the affected patients and the community. Previous studies have demonstrated that neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is an effective treatment for SCI in young animals. Here we show that NSC transplantation is as effective in aged mice as it is in young mice, even thou...