BACKGROUND Kisspeptin and its G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 54 are essential for activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. In the rat, the kisspeptin neurons critical for gonadotropin secretion are located in the hypothalamic arcuate (ARC) and anteroventral periventricular (AVPV) nuclei. As the ARC is known to be the site of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generat...

INTRODUCTION Ceftolozane/tazobactam is an antibacterial agent with potent in vitro activity against Gram-negative pathogens, including many extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Because ceftolozane/tazobactam is primarily excreted renally, appropriate dose adjustments are needed for patients with renal impairment. Monte Carlo simul...

PURPOSE To calculate an optimal collimator angle at each of sectional arcs in a full-arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plan and evaluate dosimetric quality of these VMAT plans comparing full-arc VMAT plans with a fixed collimator angle. METHODS Seventeen patients who had irregularly-shaped target in abdominal, head and neck, and chest cases were selected retrospectively. To calculat...

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has quickly become a preferred treatment option for early-stage lung cancer patients who are ineligible for surgery. This technique uses tightly conformed megavoltage (MV) x-ray beams to irradiate a tumour with ablative doses in only a few treatment fractions. Small high energy x-ray fields can cause lateral electron disequilibrium (LED) to occur withi...

Advancements in power electronics has sparked the adaptability of dc systems in varied application fields. The phenomenon of electric arcing in such dc systems, arising due to the absence of zero crossing of current during normal operation, has impeded the widespread proliferation of dc-based technologies in the market. Considering the advantages presented by adopting dc over the ac systems in ...

A spatial perturbation paradigm was used to determine equivalent intrinsic uncertainty and spatial integration efficiency in bisection. Specifically, three-line bisection thresholds were measured in the fovea of four normal observers with stimulus lines comprised of discrete dark dots distributed randomly around the mean line position according to a Gaussian function. The standard deviation of ...

Abstract A graph $\Gamma $ is called $(G, s)$ -arc-transitive if $G \le \text{Aut} (\Gamma )$ transitive on the set of vertices and s -arcs , where for an integer $s \ge 1$ -arc a sequence $s+1$ $(v_0,v_1,\ldots ,v_s)$ such that $v_{i-1}$ $v_i$ are adjacent $1 i s$ $v_{i-1}\ne v_{i+1}$ s-1$ . 2-transitive it $(\text{Aut} ), 2)$ but not 3)$ -arc-transitive. Cayley group G normal in $\text{Aut} n...

Volcanic rocks along the Panama Canal present a world-class opportunity to examine the relationship between arc magmatism, tectonic forcing, wet and dry magmas, and volcanic structures. Major and trace element geochemistry of Canal volcanic rocks indicate a significant petrologic transition at 21-25 Ma. Oligocene Bas Obispo Fm. rocks have large negative Nb-Ta anomalies, low HREE, fluid mobile e...

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) produced by arcuate nucleus (ARC) neurons has a strong orexigenic effect on target neurons. Hypothalamic NPY levels undergo wide-ranging oscillations during the circadian cycle and in response to fasting and peripheral hormones (from 0.25 to 10-fold change). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of a moderate long-term modulation of NPY within the ARC neur...

We prove that, given a finite graph ? satisfying some mild conditions, there exist infinitely many tetravalent half-arc-transitive normal covers of ?. Applying this result, we establish the existence infinite families graphs with certain vertex stabilizers, and classify stabilizers up to order 28 connected graphs. This sheds new light on longstanding problem classifying