The aim of this study is to find the optimal water pressure and percentage of supply vapour in the feed water heaters (fwhs) of steam power plants, such that they maximize the thermal efficiency of the Rankine cycle within pre-specified values of minimum and maximum pressures of the thermodynamic cycle. Thermal efficiency is defined as a function of unknown variables (fluid pressure and vap...

I report on a model for the broad-band emission from SNR J1713 including a consistent calculation of thermal X-ray emission together with non-thermal emission in a nonlinear diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) model (Ellison et al. 2010, ApJ). This model tracks the evolution of the SNR including the plasma ionization state between the forward shock and the contact discontinuity. We use a plasma ...

Nanocomposite materials, including noble metal nanoparticles embedded in a dielectric host medium, are interesting because of their optical properties linked to surface plasmon resonance phenomena. For studding of nonlinear optical properties and/or energy transfer process, these materials may be excited by ultrashort pulse laser with a temporal width varying from some femtoseconds to some hund...

Hypersonic flight introduces extreme heat loads into the leading edges of a vehicle. Determining these loads is challenging. It requires accounting for the aerothermodynamic features of both the flow and thermal state of the surface. These features can be influenced by pressure and viscous effects, real-gas and low density effects, inonization, radiative heating, surface-radiation cooling, and ...

In the history of earthquake thermal infrared research, it is undeniable that before and after strong earthquakes there are significant thermal infrared anomalies which have been interpreted as preseismic precursor in earthquake prediction and forecasting. In this paper, we studied the characteristics of thermal radiation observed before and after the 8 great earthquakes with magnitude up to Ms...

this work presents the heat transfer characteristics of a new type of porous radiant air heater that operates on the basis of effective energy conversion method between flowing gas enthalpy and thermal radiation. at each layer, the gas and solid phases are considered in non-local thermal equilibrium, and combustion in the porous radiant burner is modeled by considering a non-uniform heat genera...

The atmospheres of terrestrial planets are expected to be in long-term radiation balance: an increase in the absorption of solar radiation warms the surface and troposphere, which leads to a matching increase in the emission of thermal radiation. Warming a wet planet such as Earth would make the atmosphere moist and optically thick such that only thermal radiation emitted from the upper troposp...

This paper studies the effects of Natural convection and Thermal radiation on nanofluid over a non-linearly stretching sheet. The governing equation nonlinear partial differential equations flow is transformed to ordinary by using similarity transformation, earlier than being solved numerically through Rung-Kutta-Fehlberg method with shooting technique. numerical results have been obtained for ...

the public spaces in our today’s lives involve many sorts of activities, and the design of such spaces requires a wide range of studies. one of the critical studies in our country, due to its climatic variety, is about the thermal comfort of public outdoor spaces. this article has been conducted to investigate about possible architecture and landscape architecture design measurements which coul...