Due to the nonlinear nature of the Bang-Bang phase-locked loops (BBPLLs), its transient analysis is very difficult. In this paper, new equations are proposed for expression of transient behavior of the second order BBPLLs to phase step input. This approach gives new insights into the transient behavior of BBPLLs. Approximating transient response to reasonable specific waveform the loop tran...

in this paper, using numerical methods and test results, the behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with fiber-reinforced polymers (frp) is investigated. in the numerical analysis, the concrete damaged plasticity model is used for considering the nonlinear behavior and strain softening of concrete. the abaqus finite element program is utilized for the analysis of 12 flexural beams s...

Sufficient conditions are established for the asymptotic behavior of a third-order nonlinear differential equation. Our results improve on Qian’s [C. Qian, Asymptotic behavior of a third-order nonlinear differential equation, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 284 (2003), 191–205]

some considerable damage to steel structures during the hyogo-ken nanbu earthquake occurred. among them, many exposed-type column bases failed in several consistent patterns, such as brittle base plate fracture, excessive bolt elongation, unexpected early bolt failure, and inferior construction work, etc. the lessons from these phenomena led to the need for improved understanding of column base...

There are various methods for the analysis of the interactional behavior of the surrounding land, using the lining structure which is the most common method of deigning lining structure tools for the static loads by using the hyper static methods. In recent years, there has been a question that depicts whether this method provides the best results in designing the tunnel structure or not.Due to...

Cross-efficiency is an effective approach for evaluation of DMUs which can be performed with different secondary goals. DEA and cross-efficiency view all variables as behaving in a linear fashion and regardless of the amounts of a variable held by DMUs, DEA apply a same multiplier to those various amounts. But in certain situations this linearity assumption is not appropriate, and the conventio...

endurance time (et) method is a relatively new performance-based earthquake method for structural evaluation and design. in this method, the structure is subjected to a gradually intensifying accelorogram(s) and its performance is assessed based on the maximum time duration that it can meet the specified performance objectives. using moment-resisting and braced frames which are rehabilitated by...

A prismatic beam made of a behaviorally nonlinear material is analyzed under aharmonic load moving with a known velocity. The vibration equation of motion is derived usingHamilton principle and Euler-Lagrange Equation. The amplitude of vibration, circular frequency,bending moment, stress and deflection of the beam can be calculated by the presented solution.Considering the response of the beam,...