BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although abnormal hyperintensities are frequently observed at or around the optic radiation in elderly subjects, no previous reports have mentioned the clinical significance and pathologic changes of these hyperintensities. We evaluated the hyperintensity patterns of the optic radiation and its surrounding structures on T2-weighted MR images and compared these findings wi...

Background: Traumatic optic nerve lesions (TONL) are probable but unpredictable consequence after severe midface or skull base trauma. Based on a previously described rat model, the authors developed a new model in order to simulate optic nerve crush during trauma on the optic canal. Methods: To achieve a calibrated TONL, a microinjuring device was designed that made it possible to assess the c...

PURPOSE To investigate the diffusion tensor properties of the human optic nerve in vivo using a non-Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) fast spin echo (FSE) sequence. MATERIALS AND METHODS This non-CPMG FSE sequence, which is based on a quadratic phase modulation of the refocusing pulses, allows diffusion measures to be acquired with full signal and without artifacts from geometric distortions d...

OBJECTIVES The true optic nerve sheath diameter cutoff value for detecting elevated intracranial pressure is variable. The variability may stem from the technique used to acquire sonographic measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter as well as sonographic artifacts inherent to the technique. The purpose of this study was to compare the traditional visual axis technique to an infraorbital ...

AIM To evaluate and compare four different mathematical formulas for the early detection of morphometric optic nerve head changes in chronic open angle glaucoma. METHODS The optic nerve heads of 161 patients with perimetrically defined glaucomatous optic nerve damage and of 194 normal subjects were examined by confocal laser scanning tomography. Using four formulas of linear discriminant anal...

BACKGROUND Traumatic optic nerve lesions (TONL) are probable but unpredictable consequence after severe midface or skull base trauma. Based on a previously described rat model, the authors developed a new model in order to simulate optic nerve crush during trauma on the optic canal. METHODS To achieve a calibrated TONL, a microinjuring device was designed that made it possible to assess the c...

BACKGROUND To determine the influences of myopia and optic disc size on ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness profiles obtained by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS One hundred and sixty-eight eyes of 168 young myopic subjects were recruited and assigned to one of three groups according to their spher...

Many studies have yielded valuable knowledge on the early visual system but it is biased since the studies have focused on terrestrial mammals alone. Here, to better account for visual systems in different environments and animal classes, we studied the structure of early visual processing in the archerfish which harnesses its extreme visual ability to hunt by shooting water jets at prey hangin...

in this paper, nonlinear dynamic behaviours of carbon nanotube conveying fluidwith slip boundary conditions is studied using variation iteration method. the developed solutions are used to investigate the effects of various parameters on the nonlinear vibration of the nanotube. from the result, it is observed that increase in the slip parameter leads to decrease in the frequency of vibration an...