INTRODUCTION Most developing countries are adopting antibiotic policies to contain the acute problem of drug resistance; however, several obstacles prevent their fulfillment. This study was undertaken to prospectively determine the compliance with the antibiotic policy in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital and possible reasons for non-compliance. METHODOLOGY Compliance ...

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging contaminants posing a potential worldwide human health risk. Intensive animal husbandry is believed to be a major contributor to the increased environmental burden of ARGs. Despite the volume of antibiotics used in China, little information is available regarding the corresponding ARGs associated with animal farms. We assessed type and concentrati...

OBJECTIVE To describe the current use of nutritional supplements and their contribution to micronutrient intakes in a representative sample of Irish adults, to evaluate the impact of supplement use on the adequacy of micronutrient intakes and to assess the risk to supplement users of exceeding tolerable upper intake levels (UL). STUDY DESIGN AND SUBJECTS Food intake data were collected in 137...

Disease are recognized as one of the major constraint to sustainable animal production which can cause significant economic loss especially in aquaculture. Various chemotherapeutic agents have been traditionally used in the treatment and prevention of diseases in farmed fish but they are not recommended since improper and continuous use of antibiotics may lead to potential development of antibi...

Disease are recognized as one of the major constraint to sustainable animal production which can cause significant economic loss especially in aquaculture. Various chemotherapeutic agents have been traditionally used in the treatment and prevention of diseases in farmed fish but they are not recommended since improper and continuous use of antibiotics may lead to potential development of antibi...

Many industrial fermentations use complex medium containing both carbohydrate and oils as their carbon sources. Oil supplements have been shown to increase the antibiotic titre and are a cheaper alternative carbon source, in terms of carbon per unit volume, when compared to carbohydrates. Oil supplements are also preferred on an energy supply basis and have natural antifoam properties. The majo...

Antibiotic overuse has created a problem with increased antibiotic resistance of disease-causing microorganisms. Prophylactic usage in dentistry contributed to this and adverse events like Clostridioides difficile infection. prescribing practices need review, so do treatment options for patient care the post-antibiotic age. Hydrogen peroxide is an example antimicrobial that can treat anaerobic ...

There has been considerable professional debate on the association between nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy (NVP) and neural tube defects (NTDs) risk. This study explored the association between NVP and NTDs risk, and the effect of folic acid supplements on the association. A 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted and conditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the ass...

Calcium supplements reduce bone turnover and slow the rate of bone loss. However, few studies have demonstrated reduced fracture incidence with calcium supplements, and meta-analyses show only a 10% decrease in fractures, which is of borderline statistical and clinical significance. Trials in normal older women and in patients with renal impairment suggest that calcium supplements increase the ...

BACKGROUND Taking folic acid supplements before pregnancy to reduce the risk of a neural tube defect (NTD) is especially important in countries without universal folic acid fortification. The extent of folic acid supplementation among women who had antenatal screening for Down's syndrome and NTDs at the Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, London between 1999 and 2012 was assessed. METHO...