• Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) addition may substantially alter the terrestrial N cycle. However, a comprehensive understanding of how the ecosystem N cycle responds to external N input remains elusive. • Here, we evaluated the central tendencies of the responses of 15 variables associated with the ecosystem N cycle to N addition, using data extracted from 206 peer-reviewed papers. • Our results ...

BACKGROUND Although urban air pollution is a complex mix containing multiple constituents, studies of the health effects of long-term exposure often focus on a single pollutant as a proxy for the entire mixture. A better understanding of the component pollutant concentrations and interrelationships would be useful in epidemiological studies that exploit spatial differences in exposure by clarif...

Gate depletion and boron penetration through thin gate oxide place directly opposing requirements on the gate engineering for advanced MOSFET’s. In this paper, several important issues of deep-submicron CMOS transistor gate engineering are discussed. First, the impact of gate nitrogen implantation on the performance and reliability of deep-submicron CMOSFET’s is investigated. The suppression of...

Controlled-release herbicide formulations have been shown to decrease the leaching potential of several herbicides under laboratory and Ðeld conditions. The utility and efficacy of these formulations may be improved by combining several herbicides and a fertilizer source in a single formulation. The objective of these studies was to develop granular alginate formulations that were composed of a...

Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) have well characterized genes that encode and express nitrite reductases (NIR) and nitric oxide reductases (NOR). However, the connection between presence or absence of these and other genes for nitrogen transformations with the physiological production of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) has not been tested across AOB isolated from various trophic stat...

As generally known, nitrogen oxides NOx (NO, NO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are significant pollutants [...]

The present paper deals with a hydrazine mediated synthesis of high surface area and thermally stable N-doped zirconium titanium mixed oxide with enhanced photocatalytic activity towards reduction of selenium (VI) to metallic Se under visible light. Materials were synthesized at pH 1⁄4 2 by varying the hydrazine concentration and characterized by XRD, TEM, BET method, XPS, Raman spectroscopy an...

The interaction of nitric ~NO! and nitrous (N2O! oxide with ultrathin ~;1.5–3.5 nm! oxide and oxynitride films on silicon has been studied by performing high resolution depth profiling using medium energy ion scattering and isotopic labeling methods. We observe that, after NO annealing at 850 °C, both O and N incorporate near the SiO2/Si interface. There is no nitrogen and little newly incorpor...