Background: Nicotine is considered as one of the most agents in cigarette smoking and has side effects on many organs and body systems such as reproductive tract. Nicotine can induce sub fertility or infertility both in males and females. The aim of this study was to evaluate the proliferative activity of adult mouse male germ cells following treatment with different doses of nicotine. Material...

Smoking remains an important risk factor for lung cancer, and a clear association among single nucleotide polymorphisms in the chromosome 15q24/15q25.1 region and lung cancer susceptibility has been recently shown in three comprehensive wide genome association studies (1–3). In brief, although Hung et al. (1) reports that a strong susceptibility locus for lung cancer maps to nicotine acetylchol...

Background & Aims: Allergic diseases have increased in the last decade worldwide and researchers have been trying to introduce new strategies and drugs to treat these types of diseases. Nicotine shows anti-inflammatory properties and the studies have revealed that it can reduce the inflammation and the allergic responses. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a multifunctional protein kin...

Tobacco smoking and high-fat diet (HFD) independently impair short-term memory. E-cigarettes produce e-vapour containing flavourings nicotine. Here, we investigated whether inhalation interacts with HFD to affect memory neural integrity. Balb/c mice (7 weeks, male) were fed a (43% fat, 20 kJ/g) for 16 weeks. In the last 6 half of exposed tobacco-flavoured from nicotine-containing (18 mg/L) or n...

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects nicotine on activity Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in soft drinks. Regular drinks contain large proportions high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), which increases S. resulting high-caries risk compared with sugar-free Nicotine use exhibits a strong correlation increased biofilm formation. chosen were (Coca-Cola Classic, Diet Coke, Coca-Cola Zero...

introduction: nicotine is the psychoactive substance responsible for establishing and maintaining smoking dependence. cyp2a6 is the primary enzyme that inactivates nicotine to cotinine .genetic variation in cyp2a6 accounts for some of the inter-individual variability in nicotine metabolism and has been indicated to influence smoking behavior and dependence. therefore, the aim of this study was ...

background: many psychiatric patients have nicotine and other substance dependence.   objective: to determine the prevalence of nicotine and opium dependence among psychiatric in-patients inkerman, a city in southwesterniran.   methods: three groups of psychiatric inpatients, chronic medical patients and a sample from local population, each including 400 subjects were selected.  nicotine depend...

objective(s) cigarette and nicotine enhances embryogenesis, fertility, pregnancy loss and ultrastructure alterations of oocyte. this study was performed to determine the effect of daily supplementation of vitamin e on oocytes apoptosis in nicotine-treated mice. materials and methods in this experimental study, 24 nmari adult female mice were randomly allocated into four experimental groups. for...

Schizophrenia has been associated with deficits in functional brain lateralization. According to some authors, the reduction of asymmetry could even promote this psychosis. At the same time, schizophrenia is accompanied by a high prevalence of nicotine dependency compared to any other population. This association is very interesting, because sex-dependent effects of smoking in auditory language...

OBJECTIVES This study attempts to analyse the ethical dilemmas arising from the microallocation of scarce health care resources, in terms of deontology and utilitarianism. METHODS A group of 395 people were interviewed in the region of Diadema, greater San Paulo, Brazil, while visiting patients in the only state hospital in town. Each interviewee was given a list of eight simulated emergencie...