Wideband multilayers designed for various applications in hard X-ray to Extreme UV spectral regions are based on a layered system with layer thicknesses varying largely in depth. However, because the internal structure of a thin film depends on its thickness, this will result in multilayers in which material properties such as density, crystallinity, dielectric constant and effective thickness ...

The adsorption of terephthalic acid molecules [C(6)H(4)(COOH)(2)), TPA] on a single layer of graphene grown epitaxially on Ni(111) has been investigated by means of near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) at room temperature. The assignment of the NEXAFS resonances was aided by ab initio calculations for the free TPA molecule. F...

The present state of the art of theoretical studies of magnetism in artificial low dimensional transition metal materials, e.g., surfaces, overlayers and multilayers, is reviewed here by means of some illustrative examples. Strong magnetic moment enhancements are found for Fe, Co and Ni atoms at surfaces or interfaces contacting with inert substrates. By contrast, the spin polarization is stron...

Ni0.95Fe0.05/NiFeO multilayers were fabricated by radio frequency magnetron sputtering and natural oxidation. Doping of Ni only 5 at. % Fe results in enhanced layering quality as X-ray reflectivity reveals. Due to magnetostatic anisotropy, the found be in-plane magnetized. The influence mild thermal annealing (T = 525 K) on magnetic properties NiFe/NiFeO is also investigated. Annealing enhancem...

We study the spin orbit torque (SOT) and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in the dual-interfaced Co-Ni perpendicular multilayers. Through the combination of top and bottom layer materials (Pt, Ta, MgO and Cu), SOT and DMI are efficiently manipulated due to an enhancement or cancellation of the top and bottom contributions. However, SOT is found to originate mostly from the bulk of a heav...

Epitaxial magnetic multilayers are grown in a new deposition system that can be coupled to a variety of synchrotron-based spectroscopic tools at the SRC, such as angle-resolved photoemission with a Scienta analyzer, spin-polarized photoemission, and resonant magnetic x-ray scattering. It is possible to deposit materials by sputter-deposition and by evaporation in the same system, thereby allowi...

The new era of spintronics promises the development of nanodevices, where the electron spin will be used to store information and charge currents will be replaced by spin currents. For this, ferromagnetic semiconductors at room temperature are needed. We report on significant room-temperature spin polarization of EuS in Co/EuS multilayers recorded by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). Th...

Influence of NaCl and NaBr and their concentration on assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers and their compression behavior was studied using poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid, 1 : 1 SS:MA) sodium salt (PSSMA 1 : 1) as the building blocks. Stepwise growth of the PSSMA/PDADMAC multilayers was characterized by a quartz crystal microba...

Influence of assembly pH on compression and Ag nanoparticle synthesis of polyelectrolyte multilayers was studied using poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid, 1:1SS:MA) sodium salt (PSSMA 1:1) as the building blocks. The thickest multilayers turned out at pH 4. A homogeneous compression by a silicone rubber stamp increased significantly t...