In order to meet the need for a controlled terminology in neuroinformatics, we have integrated the extensive terminology of NeuroNames into the Foundational Model of anatomy. We illustrate the application of foundational principles for the establishment of an inheritance hierarchy, which accommodates anatomical attributes of neuroanatomical concepts and provides the foundation to which other in...

OBJECTIVES Animal model studies may allow greater elucidation of the cerebral circuits involved in the genesis of panic disorder (PD), but these studies have not yet been fully analyzed. METHODS The authors review recent literature on the neurobiology and neuroanatomy of PD. RESULTS In this update, the authors present a revision of data that demonstrates the existence of a "fear network", w...

The nervous system is complex not simply because of the enormous number of neurons it contains but by virtue of the specificity with which they are connected. Unraveling this specificity is the task of neuroanatomy. In this endeavor, neuroanatomists have traditionally exploited an impressive array of tools ranging from the Golgi method to electron microscopy. An ideal method for studying anatom...

This report describes a pair of brief, interactive classroom exercises utilizing Renaissance artists' depictions of the brain to help increase student interest in learning basic neuroanatomy. Undergraduate students provided anonymous quantitative evaluations of both exercises. The feedback data suggest that students found both exercises engaging. The data also suggest that the first exercise in...

In this paper, we present some of our current studies on how human brain structures are influenced by cognitive disorders occurred from various neurological and psychiatric diseases based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We first give a brief introduction about computational neuroanatomy, which is the basis of these studies. In Section 2, several novel methods on segmentations of brain tiss...

PURPOSE Esoteric jargon and technical language are potential barriers to the teaching of science and medicine. Effective teaching strategies which address these barriers are desirable. Here, we created and evaluated the effectiveness of stand-alone 'equivalence-based instruction' (EBI) learning resources wherein the teaching of a small number of direct relationships between stimuli (e.g., anato...

Neurosurgeons continue to strive to lead in innovation while maintaining a standard of excellence because of their instinctive tendency for better and more efficient patient care. Involving neurosurgeons in the research and development of innovative procedures and tools makes perfect sense because their knowledge of neuroanatomy and neuropathology gives them unique insight to foresee possible p...

A recent study shows that brain connectivity in Drosophila melanogaster follows a small-world, modular and rich-club organisation that facilitates information processing. This organisation shows a striking similarity with the mammalian brain.