Swine influenza virus (SIV) has a strong tropism for pig respiratory mucosa, which consists of a mucus layer, epithelium, basement membrane and lamina propria. Sialic acids present on the epithelial surface have long been considered to be determinants of influenza virus tropism. However, mucus which is also rich in sialic acids may serve as the first barrier of selection. It was investigated ho...

Arcanobacterium pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen, associated with suppurative infections in domestic animals. In addition to pyolysin, a pore-forming, cholesterol-binding toxin, A. pyogenes expresses a number of putative virulence factors, including several proteases and neuraminidase activity. A 3,009-bp gene, nanH, was cloned and sequenced and conferred neuraminidase activity on an Esche...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The properties of neuraminidase produced by P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 during growth in a defined medium (BHI) was examined and compared with some neuraminidase features of K. pneumoniae in this investigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The enzyme was isolated from concentrated culture supernatants of P. aeruginosa which was used in a sensitive fluorometric assay by using ...

The worldwide prevalence of H3N2 influenza virus and its increasing resistance to the existing drugs necessitates for the development of an improved/better targeting anti-influenza drug. H3N2 influenza neuraminidase is one of the two membrane-bound proteins belonging to group-2 neuraminidases. It acts as key player involved in viral pathogenicity and hence, is an important target of anti-influe...

We report characteristics of oseltamivir-resistant influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses and patients infected with these viruses in the United States. During 2013-14, fifty-nine (1.2%) of 4,968 analyzed US influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses had the H275Y oseltamivir resistance-conferring neuraminidase substitution. Our results emphasize the need for local surveillance for neuraminidase inhibitor suscepti...

The Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (T-antigen) is a cryptic disaccharide structure on human erythrocytes and is supposed to be expressed in an unhidden form on carcinoma cells. We tested the ability of four antiT reagents (i.e., peanut agglutinili, human and rabbit anti-T antisera, and monoclonal anti-T antibodies) to agglutinate neuraminidase treated hu man erythrocytes and compared their capaci...

To explore the relationship between neuraminidase immunity and the degree of attenuatíon of live influenza A virus vaccines, a comparative evaluation of three Victoria/75-ts-1[E] (Vic/75-ts-1[E]) recombinant viruses in serum hemagglutination-inhibiting-negative (titer, </=1:8) adult volunteers was performed. These three ts-1[E] viruses had a similar restriction of replication at 38 degrees C in...

Genetic recombination of influenza viruses of different subtype may result in segregation of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase in antigenically hybrid viruses [E. D. Kilbourne et al., in M. Pollard (ed.), Perspectives in Virology, vol. 5, p. 87, Academic Press, Inc., N.Y., 1967; and W. G. Laver and E. D. Kilbourne, Virology 30:493, 1966]. The selective use of such antigenic hybrids in serological...

The ability to identify the functional correlates of structural and sequence variation in proteins is a critical capability. We related structures of influenza A N10 and N11 proteins that have no established function to structures of proteins with known function by identifying spatially conserved atoms. We identified atoms with common distributed spatial occupancy in PDB structures of N10 prote...