Use of a genetic algorithm assumes the existence of a gure of merit called tness, for which there is a value for every candidate solution. The tness must be measurable over the representation of the solution by means of a computable function. The tness function is, in most cases, independent of the other factors, including the algorithm used. Often, the tness is an estimation of the nearness to...

In view of the adverse effect of declining cluster, a method of analyzing and assessing declining risks of mature cluster is studied. Through analyzing causes of declining risks, an evaluation index system for declining risks is built. According to the index system, the characteristic patterns of different risk levels are described. Owing to the complexity and uncertainty of cluster system, a T...

Starting with the intuitive concept o r nearness" as a binar,, relation, semi-proximity spaces (sp-spaces) are defined. The restrictions on semi-proximity spaces are weaker than on topological proximity spaces. Thus, semi-proximity spaces generalize classical topological spaces. Moreover, it is possible to describe all digital pictures used in computer vision and computer graphics as non-trivia...

For a Hamiltonian matrix with purely imaginary eigenvalues, we aim to determine the nearest Hamiltonian matrix such that some or all eigenvalues leave the imaginary axis. Conversely, for a Hamiltonian matrix with all eigenvalues lying off the imaginary axis, we look for a nearest Hamiltonian matrix that has a pair of imaginary eigenvalues. The Hamiltonian matrices can be allowed to be complex o...

The influence of plant spacing and row orientation on spectral distribution of light received by growing soybean (Gylcine max [L.] Merr.) plants was measured under field conditions. Light absorption, reflection and transmission of individual leaves showed that most of the blue and red was absorbed while most of the far-red was either reflected or transmitted. Plants growing in the field receive...

Résumé. L’analyse des données d’expression de génes dans les fragments d’ADN est un outil important utilisé dans la recherche genomique dont les objectifs principaux s’étendent de l’étude du caractére fonctionnel des génes spécifiques et leur participation dans les processus biologiques à la reconstruction de conditions des maladies et leur pronostique. Les données d’expression des génes sont a...