Previous studies reached contrasting conclusions regarding how fluctuations in abundance affect Ne in semelparous species with variable age at maturity: that Ne is determined by the arithmetic mean N among the T years within a generation (Ne approximately = T(N)t; monocarpic plants with seed banks) or the harmonic mean (Ne approximately T[symbol: see text]; Pacific salmon). I show that these co...

The reduction of myocardial beta-adrenoceptor density in congestive heart failure has been thought to be caused by agonistinduced homologous desensitization. However, recent evidence suggests that excessive adrenergic stimulation may not produce myocardial beta-receptor downregulation unless there is an additional defect in the local norepinephrine (NE) uptake mechanism. To investigate the asso...

background: the extraction of teeth for orthodontic purpose has always been a controversial subject in the speciality. the aesthetics impact of the soft-tissue profile might play a key role in deciding on premolar extraction or non-extraction (ne) treatment, particularly in borderline patients. the purpose of this cephalometric study was to examine the soft-tissue treatment effects of class ii ...

OBJECTIVE Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) is believed to exert degradative action at high norepinephrine (NE) levels. Although COMT exists in cardiac tissues, the contribution of cardiac COMT activity to regional NE kinetics, particularly in ischemia-induced NE accumulation, remains unclear. We investigated the role of cardiac COMT in NE kinetics in the ischemic region. METHODS We implant...

Objective(s): Among herbal oils, cinnamon bark oil has several advantages such as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. It is already reported that particle size of oil droplets affects their properties such as their antibacterial activity. In this study, we investigated inhibitory activity of cinnamon oil products including bulk, microemulsion (ME) and nanoemulsion (NE)...

Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a neutrophil‑derived serine proteinase with specificity for a broad range of substrates. NE has been reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of several conditions, particularly that of pulmonary diseases. Previous studies have shown that NE can cleave the pro‑myelocyte ‑ retinoic acid receptor‑alpha chimeric protein and is important for the development of acu...

Neuroendocrine (NE) phenotypes characterize a spectrum of lung tumors, including low-grade typical and intermediate-grade atypical carcinoid, high-grade large-cell NE carcinoma and small cell lung carcinoma. Currently, no effective treatments are available to cure NE lung tumors, demanding identification of biological features specific to these tumors. Here, we report that autophagy has an impo...