this paper was aimed at investigating the persian-speaking translation trainees perception of politeness of english request strategies. they judged the strategies for requesting (e.g. can, could, will, do, etc.) using the paired comparison method. the findings showed great divergence between the judgment of english native speakers with respect to the degree of politeness of 14 generic request s...

Large-scale environmental epidemiologic studies often rely on exposure estimates based on linkage to residential addresses. This approach, however, is limited by the lack of residential histories typically available for study participants. Our objective was to evaluate the feasibility of using address data from LexisNexis (a division of RELX, Inc., Dayton, Ohio), a commercially available credit...

this study examines differences in non-native efl teachers’ beliefs about grammar and teaching grammar. the differences were sought across teachers’ work environment- private school versus state schools-, degree, gender, and teaching experience. a sample of 130 efl teachers teaching at junior high school, high schools, and private language institutes were randomly selected. the sample consisted...

The main purpose of this study was to explore EFL teachers’ cognitions about teaching speaking. To achieve the purpose, a sequential mixed-methods research strategy employed. participants were secondary and preparatory school English language teachers in Gurage Zone. A questionnaire administered 192 while an interview conducted with four teachers. In analyzing data, descriptive bivariate analys...

The unprecedented spread of English across geopolitical boundaries has contributed to the recurrent rise as a lingua franca (ELF) studies. However, pressure from native speakers’ norms remains feasible in many instructional activities non-English-speaking countries including Indonesia. Using semi-structured interview with four teachers UMI University, this article examines perception Indonesian...

The present paper looks at the issue of standardization in L2 oral testing. Whereas external examiners are frequently used globally, some countries opt for test-takers’ own teachers as examiners instead. In the present study, Sweden is used as a case in point, with a focus on the mandatory, high-stakes, summative, 9 th -grade national test in English (speaking part). The national test has the t...

This study aimed to identify the portions of teaching materials for English classes in Iran’s high schools. The efficiency of these materials was evaluated by (a) eliciting the teachers’ perception of the materials to identify their distribution portions and (b) studying the teachers’ satisfaction to identify whether the materials were successful to develop the EFL teachers’ knowledge and skill...

Abstract Switzerland, like other countries in Europe, has long depended on migration and mobility for its economy. Facilitating the integration of migrant children school, primarily through acquisition local language, therefore been a priority policymakers. In recent years, increase trajectories have become more diverse. A growing percentage families arriving country experienced repeated may no...