BACKGROUND Prospective evaluation of the antifungal drug, voriconazole, is needed to determine whether drug toxicity correlates with CYP2C19 genotype or serum concentrations of voriconazole or its metabolites. METHODS We conducted a prospective study of 95 patients to determine voriconazole toxicity and its relationship to genotype and serum levels of voriconazole and its two metabolites. Eff...

One of the fabrication methods for functionally graded materials (FGMs) is a centrifugal solid-particle method, which is an application of the centrifugal casting technique. However, it is the difficult to fabricate FGMs containing nano-particles by the centrifugal solid-particle method. Recently, we proposed a novel fabrication method, which we have named the centrifugal mixed-powder method, b...

OBJECTIVES Voriconazole exhibits highly variable, non-linear pharmacokinetics and is associated with a narrow therapeutic range. This study aimed to investigate the population pharmacokinetics of voriconazole in adults, including the effect of CYP2C19 genotype and drug-drug interactions. METHODS Non-linear mixed effects modelling (NONMEM) was undertaken of six voriconazole studies in healthy ...

Monitoring of voriconazole serum levels has been advocated by Smith et al. as a method of ensuring adequate drug exposure in treating invasive mycoses (9). Voriconazole blood levels may vary considerably between subjects as a consequence of genetic polymorphisms that dictate variable clearance and nonlinear elimination (4, 5, 7, 8, 10). Among patients taking 200 mg twice a day, trough voriconaz...

We recently described the recovery of six clinical isolates of Trichosporon asahii from nongranulocytopenic patients that exhibited reduced susceptibilities to amphotericin B, flucytosine, ketoconazole, itraconazole, and fluconazole (7). In a recent paper Paphitou et al. reported (6) that the new investigational triazoles including voriconazole were highly potent against 24 isolates of Trichosp...

Trough (predose) voriconazole concentrations in plasma and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of lung transplant recipients receiving oral voriconazole preemptive treatment were determined. The mean (± standard deviation [SD]) ELF/plasma ratio was 12.5 ± 6.3. A strong positive linear relationship was noted between trough plasma and ELF voriconazole concentrations (r(2) = 0.87), suggesting ...

this study aimed to investigate the effect of different concentration of zinc nano-complex on bull spermatozoa quality and pregnancy outcome after freeze-thawing process. ejaculates were collected from four holstein bulls, twice a week during four weeks. semen samples diluted with bioxcell extender containing zero (control), 10-6, 10-5, 10-4, 10-3 and 10-2 m of zinc nano-complex. the samples we...