Ionic liquids are used to dewater a suspension of birch Kraft pulp cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and as a medium for water-free topochemical modification of the nanocellulose (a process denoted as "WtF-Nano"). Acetylation was applied as a model reaction to investigate the degree of modification and scope of effective ionic liquid structures. Little difference in reactivity was observed when water...

Specific patterns of attacks of cotton, bacterial cellulose and bacterial microcrystalline cellulose (BMCC) by recombinant cellulases of Cellulomonas fimi were investigated. Molecular-size distributions of the celluloses were determined by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography. Chromatography of cotton and bacterial celluloses revealed single major peaks centered over progressively low...

Carbon metabolism in anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria has been investigated essentially in Clostridium thermocellum, Clostridium cellulolyticum, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and Ruminococcus albus. While cellulose depolymerization into soluble sugars by various cellulases is undoubtedly the first step in bacterial metabolisation of cellulose, it is not the only one to con...

Many microorganisms contain cellulases that are important for plant cell wall degradation and overall soil ecosystem functioning. At present, we have extensive biochemical knowledge of cellulases but little is known about the phylogenetic distribution of these enzymes. To address this, we analyzed the distribution of 21,985 genes encoding proteins related to cellulose utilization in 5,123 seque...

The re]ationship between bacterial cellulose production and growth was inyestigated and the production was found to be associated with growth. Thus, it was expected that enhanced growth would lead to enhanced cellulose production. On the other hand, factors which promote the growth of and cellulose production by Aeetobacter rytinnm subsp. suerqtlirmentans BPR2001 were investigated and it was fo...

Acetobacter xylinum sllbsp. sucrojlermentans BPR2001, a cellulose-producing bacterillm, that was newly isolated from a natural source, prodllced large amounts of the water-soluble po]ysaccharide, acetan. UDP-glucose is known to be the direct precllrsor in the synthetic pathways of both cellulose and acetan. We attempted to breed mutant strains and succeeded in obtalning olle, BPR3001A, which pr...

In this study, cellulose nanocrystals/zinc oxide (CNCs/ZnO) nanocomposites were dispersed as bifunctional nano-sized fillers into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan (Cs) blend by a solvent casting method to prepare PVA/Cs/CNCs/ZnO bio-nanocomposites films. The morphology, thermal, mechanical and UV-vis absorption properties, as well antimicrobial effects of the bio-nanocomposite films were ...

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a suitable material for biomedical applications due to its remarkable proprieties, such us: biodegradability, biocompatibility and ready availability. In this paper the swelling and drug release profiles from bacterial cellulosecarboxymethyl cellulose (BC-CMC) composite hydrogels were investigated, in the aim to use such systems in controlled drug delivery field. Ibu...

Structural characteristics of microbial cellulose synthesized by two different methods have been compared using FT-IR and X-ray diffraction techniques. Cellulose synthesized by Acetobacter xylinum NQ-5 strain from agitated culture conditions is characterized by a lower Ia mass fraction than cellulose that was produced statically. Such a decrease was in good correlation with smaller crystallite ...

Portions of fresh Baltic cod fillets were packed into cellulose boxes (control samples), which were covered with Methyl Hydroxypropyl Celluloses (MHPC) coating with 2% polylysine. The cellulose boxes had square PE films and were enclosed in MHPC coating containing ZnO nanoparticles. The cod fillets were stored at 5 °C and examined after 72 h and 144 h storage times. Results obtained in this stu...