BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Direct cortical stimulation studies suggest that responsive naming is more widely distributed within the temporal lobe than confrontation naming and involves anterior temporal regions typically resected in a standard temporal lobectomy. The aim of the current study was to further demonstrate the anatomic dissociation between confrontation and responsive naming by using fu...

One challenge in assessing bilinguals is their diverse language backgrounds, including differences in proficiency and use across languages. Previous studies have reported correlations between variables such as frequency of use and self-rated proficiency and performance in language tasks such as picture-naming accuracy (Edmonds & Donovan, 2012; Gollan et al. 2007), verbal fluency (Muñoz & Marqua...

background according to recent theories on addiction, attentional bias towards drug-related stimuli plays a pivotal role in the initiation of drug abuse. objectives the present study attempted to investigate attentional bias towards drug-related words in addicts and non-addicts. patients and methods to attain the objectives, following a causal-comparative study, a number of 15 addicts under tre...

A number of studies have shown that modulating cortical activity by means of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) affects performances of both healthy and brain-damaged subjects. In this study, we investigated the potential of tDCS to enhance associative verbal learning in 10 healthy individuals and to improve word retrieval deficits in three patients with stroke-induced aphasia. In h...

We have seen that the accuracy of methods for computing integrals or derivatives of a function f(x) depends on the spacing between points at which f is evaluated, and that the approximation tends to the exact value as this spacing tends to 0. Suppose that a uniform spacing h is used. We denote by F (h) the approximation computed using the spacing h, from which it follows that the exact value is...

Abstract— There are several works dedicated to the investigation of Volterra integro-differential equations. In addition, there are theoretical and practical representations of stable methods that have a high order of accuracy and extended stability regions; these representations were constructed using the minimum values of arithmetic operations. Here, hybrid methods are proposed for the constr...

Stroop interference is characterized by strong asymmetry between word and color naming such that the former is faster and interferes with the latter but not vice versa. This asymmetry is attributed to differential experience with naming in the two dimensions, i.e., words and colors. Here we show that training on a visual-verbal paired associate task equivalent to color and shape naming leads to...

naming as an inseparable sign of a country’s language has attracted the attention of many linguists to formulate and test hypotheses regarding the culture and language of the people of a certain area. iran appears like a proper destination for conducting a research focusing on naming based on several factors such as geography or chronology. the present article aims to take a specific look at th...

BACKGROUND The natural history of patients with pathologically proven frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is important from clinical and biologic perspectives, but is not well documented quantitatively. METHODS We examine longitudinal decline in cognitive functioning in an autopsy-proven cohort of patients with the clinical diagnosis of a FTLD spectrum disorder or FTLD pathology using a ...

The modulatory influence of literacy on the cognitive system of the human brain has been indicated in behavioral, neuroanatomic, and functional neuroimaging studies. In this study we explored the functional consequences of formal education and the acquisition of an alphabetic written language on two- and three-dimensional visual naming. The results show that illiterate subjects perform signific...