Recently, Matiullah et al. described the use of NaOH/ethanol as an etchant for the CR-39 detector, and have determined the corresponding bulk and track etch properties from the track diameter method. In the present work, the bulk and track etch properties of CR39 in NaOH/ethanol were derived from direct measurements. The bulk etch rate has been found to increase with the molarity of NaOH/ ethan...

Solid-state nuclear track detectors, such as CR-39, are widely used in physics and in many inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. In the ICF experiments, the particles of interest, such as D(3)He-protons, have ranges of order of the detector thickness. In this case, the dynamic range of the detector can be extended by recording data on both the front and back sides of the detector. High...

We summarize the theory and phenomenology of the Color Glass Condensate reviewed previously by E. Iancu and the author in hep-ph/0303204. In addition, we discuss some of the subsequent developments in the past year both in theory and in phenomenological applications.

Various developing topics in CP violation are reviewed. There are many theoretical reasons to hope that the CKM paradigm may be incomplete. It is surely too soon to be claiming new physics in ǫ′/ǫ or in D − D̄ mixing, but rare K decays offer interesting places to search for new physics. It is probably also premature to see a clash between global CKM fits and current estimates of sin β and γ, whe...

Density-functional theory has been applied to investigate systematics of sodium clusters Nan in the size range of n=39–55. A clear evolutionary trend in the growth of their ground-state geometries emerges. The clusters at the beginning of the series n=39–43 are symmetric and have partial icosahedral two-shell structure. The growth then goes through a series of disordered clusters n=44–52 where ...

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), characterized by specific degeneration of spinal motor neurons, is caused by mutations in the survival of motor neuron 1, telomeric (SMN1) gene and subsequent decreased levels of functional SMN. How the deficiency of SMN, a ubiquitously expressed protein, leads to spinal motor neuron-specific degeneration in individuals affected by SMA remains unknown. In this stu...

The pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and excretion of cobimetinib, a MEK inhibitor, were characterized in healthy male subjects (n = 6) following a single 20 mg (200 mCi) oral dose. Unchanged cobimetinib and M16 (glycine conjugate of hydrolyzed cobimetinib) were the major circulating species, accounting for 20.5% and 18.3% of the drug-related material in plasma up to 48 hours postdose, respectivel...

Abreu-Martin, Maria T., Andrew A. Palladino, Mary Faris, Nelson M. Carramanzana, André E. Nel, and Stephan R. Targan. Fas activates the JNK pathway in human colonic epithelial cells: lack of a direct role in apoptosis. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G599–G605, 1999.—Fas is expressed constitutively by colonic epithelial cells, and its ligand is expressed by intraepithelia...

Jones, Michael K., Rabiha M. Itani, Hongtao Wang, Morimasa Tomikawa, I. James Sarfeh, Sandor Szabo, and Andrzej S. Tarnawski. Activation of VEGF and Ras genes in gastric mucosa during angiogenic response to ethanol injury. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G1345–G1355, 1999.—Our previous studies demonstrated that ethanol injury triggers the angiogenic response in gastric mu...