video-basedmotion analysis (Glarner CE et al. Surgery. 2014;156[3]:729-734). Confidentiality issues will also need to be addressed when information is gatheredonsurgeons’ skills. Forexample, should details recorded during surgical proceduresbemadepublicandadmissible incourt when something goes wrong? “As a surgeon, the informationcouldprotectyou,but it could also implicate you, and it’s unclear...

We present findings that document one way in which a society’s culture can affect political outcomes. Examining an annual panel of democratic countries over six decades, we show that severe economic downturns are more likely to cause political turnover in countries that have lower levels of generalized trust. We find no such relationship in non-democratic countries or on irregular leader turnov...

OBJECTIVE Although discriminatory health care experiences and health care provider distrust have been shown to be associated with health care disparities, little is known about their contribution to racial/ethnic disparities in antiretroviral therapy adherence. We therefore sought to assess the extent to which discriminatory health care experiences and health care provider distrust influence tr...

We show that a principal’s trust in the voluntary performance of the agent has a positive impact on the agent’s motivation to perform well. Before the agent decides on his performance, the principal in our experiment chooses (not) to implement a minimum performance level for the agent, thereby signaling his distrust (trust) that the agent will voluntarily perform above minimum. Under the assump...

Disadvantaged groups gain advantages from descriptive representation in at least four contexts. In contexts of group mistrust and uncrystallized interests, the better communication and experiential knowledge of descriptive representatives enhances their substantive representation of the group's interests by improving the quality of deliberation. In contexts of historical political subordination...

in communities-of-practice (COP) much effort is dedicated to prevent "knowledge hoarding", as if knowledge contribution is the chief success factor. Little attention is paid to knowledge consumers' motivation. Two case studies are presented in which a COP had been much appropriate but, despite organizational support, has dissolved. The prime impediment was reluctant demand for knowledge as comm...

Introduction Oregon is home to about 23,000 pathological gamblers and many of them turn to crime to support their gambling after legal sources of funds are exhausted. Studies show that two out of three pathological gamblers commit crimes in order to pay off debts or to continue gambling (Brown, 1987). While the majority of crimes are non-violent, they affect all of us by contributing to higher ...

Third-party conflict management, particularly legal dispute resolution (arbitration and adjudication) and mediation, can help improve the willingness of disputants to make asymmetric concessions by ameliorating commitment problems and providing political cover. In both regards, and especially pertaining to commitment problems, mediation has substantial limitations when compared to legal dispute...

There is growing discomfort with existing arrangements of government. Citizens demand greater democracy and transparency. Communities seek more autonomy. Business leaders point an accusing finger at the lazy pace of governments. Interest groups are prodigious in showing displeasure with the way governments resolve their disputes and issues. The media are eager to report dissent and nurture mist...

Developments in the late 1990s, including paramilitary cease-fires and the advent (albeit, short-lived) of devolved Government, offered a new dispensation from which to appraise the community relations problem in Northern Ireland and advocate policy action. This paper considers an emergent policy framework entitled A Shared Future. Drawing on the experience of delivering better relations throug...