Cellular bodies such as P bodies and PML nuclear bodies (PML NBs) appear to be phase-separated liquids organized by multivalent interactions among proteins and RNA molecules. Although many components of various cellular bodies are known, general principles that define body composition are lacking. We modeled cellular bodies using several engineered multivalent proteins and RNA. In vitro and in ...

Cyclodextrin vesicles are versatile models for biological cell membranes since they provide a bilayer membrane that can easily be modified by host-guest interactions with functional guest molecules. In this article, we investigate the multivalent interaction of the lectin concanavalin A (ConA) with cyclodextrin vesicles decorated with mannose-adamantane conjugates with one, two or three adamant...

Shifts of the critical coagulation concentration (CCC) in particle suspensions in salt solutions containing multivalent co-ions and monovalent counterions are rationalized. One observes that the CCC is inversely proportional to the valence, and this behavior is referred to as the inverse Schulze-Hardy rule. This dependence is established by means of measurements of the stability ratio for posit...

Adsorption of multivalent counterions on the charged surface of a macroion is known to lead to inversion of the macroion charge due to the strong lateral correlations of counterions. We consider a nontrivial role of the excluded volume of counterions on this effect. It is shown analytically that when the bare charge of the macroion increases, its net charge including the adsorbed counterions os...

We introduce a certain subclass of multivalent analytic functions by making use of the principle of subordination between these functions and Cătas operator. Such results as subordination and superordination properties, convolution properties, inclusion relationships, distortion theorems, inequality properties, and sufficient conditions for multivalent starlikeness are provide. The results pres...

We propose a mechanism for the stabilization and destabilization of cell membranes by multivalent ions with an emphasis on its implications for the division and fusion of cells. We find that multivalent cations preferentially adsorbed onto a membrane dramatically change the membrane stability. They not only reduce the surface charge density of the membrane but also induce a barrier to pore grow...

Materials that display multiple carbohydrate residues have gained much attention due to their potential to inhibit or modulate biological multivalent interactions. These materials can be grouped accordingly to the way they are prepared, as unimolecular or as self-assembled systems. Both systems take advantage of the fact that multivalent interactions have significantly higher binding affinity t...

The effect of specific immunoglobulin (Ig) on specific binding of antigen to cells has been studied in a model system consisting of nurine myeloma cells (MOPC 315), MOPC 315 serum, and DNP conjugates. MOPC 315 serum, which has IgA specific for DNP, specifically inhibited the binding of DNP conjugates to these cells. Using this model it was found that cells have a marked advantage over free spec...