Currently systematic design of actuation (operational degrees of freedom) for process systems is not possible because (i) the required domain knowledge has not been identified and (ii) it is unclear how to explore the relation between actuation and operational improvement. This paper proposes geometry and flux equations as the required domain knowledge. It is explained that the relation between...

A revised sample of the 2 cm Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) survey is studied to test the isotropic distribution of radio sources on the sky and their uniform distribution in space. The revised sample is complete to flux-density limits of 1.5 Jy for positive declinations and 2 Jy for 0 > δ > −20. At present the active galactic nuclei sample comprises 122 members. Application of the two-dimensi...

In this paper the speed control method of LIM, which lead to optimal control characteristic of motor such as thrust, flux and current, is proposed. The performance of the proposed DTFC method is analyzed with considering end-effect. DTFC is one of the improved control methods which employ several PI controllers. Proper adjustment of coefficients of the PI controller plays an important role in t...

The metabolic networks are very well characterized for a large set of organisms, a unique case in within thelarge-scale biological networks. For this reason they provide a a very interesting framework for the construction of analytically tractable statistical mechanics models. In this paper we introduce a solvable model for the distribution of fluxes in the metabolic network. We show that the e...

Distribution systems can be operated in multiple configurations since they are possible combinations of radial and loop feeders. Each configuration leads to its own power losses and reliability level of supplying electric energy to customers. In order to obtain the optimal configuration of power networks, their reconfiguration is formulated as a complex optimization problem with different objec...

In a supply chain, cross-docking is one of the most innovative systems for ameliorating the operational performance at distribution centers. Cross-docking is a logistics strategy in which freight is unloaded from inbound trucks and (almost) directly loaded into outbound trucks, with little or no storage in between, thus no inventory remains at the distribution center. In this study, we consider...

Constraint-based modeling results in a convex polytope that defines a solution space containing all possible steady-state flux distributions. The properties of this polytope have been studied extensively using linear programming to find the optimal flux distribution under various optimality conditions and convex analysis to define its extreme pathways (edges) and elementary modes. The work pres...

The aim of this paper is to optimize the design of multiple flux barriers Synchronous reluctance motor in order to smooth the torque profile without rotor skewing. A new strategy is proposed by modelling the particular optimal design problem as mixed integer constrained minimization of a suitable objective function. The procedure has allowed to optimize the rotor shape for minimum torque ripple...

The spatial distribution of magnetic flux in YBa2CY307, has been measured for various sinzered pellets and thin films. In ring-shaped samples macroscopic persistent currents have been observed. Tn discs, the penetration of the magnetic field bas been investigated, and in general qualitative agreement with the Bean model has been found. In some cases, however, pronounced deviations from the pred...

The sinking of carbon fixed via net primary production (NPP) into the ocean interior is an important part marine biogeochemical cycles. NPP measurements follow a log-normal probability distribution, meaning variations can be simply described by two parameters despite NPP's complexity. By analyzing global database open particle fluxes, we show that this distribution propagates near-seafloor flux...