Age-related maculopathy (ARM) has become the major cause of blindness in the Western World. Currently its pathogenesis and primary site of functional damage is not fully understood but ischemia is believed to play a major role. Early detection and precise monitoring of progression of ARM are main goals of current research due to lack of sufficient treatment options, especially in the dry, atrop...

OBJECTIVE To report the subjective and objective improvement in vision in a patient with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa after transplantation of a sheet of fetal neural retina together with its retinal pigment epithelium. DESIGN A sheet of fetal neural retina with its retinal pigment epithelium was transplanted into the subretinal space under the fovea unilaterally in a patient with ...

PURPOSE To present a patient with acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement syndrome who had abnormal changes in the outer retinal microstructure limited to areas with reduced responses on multifocal electroretinograms as well as to the area involving a scotoma. METHODS AND RESULTS We report the case of a 44-year-old man who developed an arcuate scotoma which was associated with a physiological...

OBJECTIVES To elucidate the visual significance of the foveal pit by measuring foveal architecture and function and to reassess use of the term foveal hypoplasia (as visual acuity can vary among patients who lack a pit). METHODS We describe 4 patients who lack a foveal pit. Visual acuities ranged from 20/20 to 20/50. Stratus and Cirrus (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, California) optical coherenc...

It is unknown whether independent neural damage may occur in the pre-/absent vascular diabetic retinopathy (DR). To exclude vasculopathy, it is important to measure the integrity of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB). This cross-sectional study addressed this problem in type 1 diabetic patients with normal ocular fundus and absent breakdown of the BRB (confirmed with vitreous fluorometry). These w...

BACKGROUND Glaucoma is the second-leading cause of blindness worldwide and early diagnosis is essential to its treatment. Current clinical methods based on multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) essentially involve measurement of amplitudes and latencies and assume standard signal morphology. This paper presents a new method based on wavelet packet analysis of global-flash multifocal electroret...

It is unknown whether independent neural damage may occur in the pre-/absent vascular diabetic retinopathy (DR). To exclude vasculopathy, it is important to measure the integrity of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB). This crosssectional study addressed this problem in type 1 diabetic patients with normal ocular fundus and absent breakdown of the BRB (confirmed with vitreous fluorometry). These we...

Some patients with acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) show symptomatic acute visual impairment in one eye only, but electrophysiological abnormalities in both eyes. A 46-year-old female who had noticed paracentral scotoma of her right eye six months previously was referred to our hospital. At initial examination, her best-corrected visual acuity was 0.7 in the right eye and 1.2 in the...

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of variations in blood glucose level on the multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) in patients with type 1 diabetes without retinopathy. METHODS Fourteen patients were clamped sequentially and in random order at 5 and 15 mM blood glucose for 75 minutes on the same day. MfERG was recorded in one eye at each level of blood glucose level. RESULTS Compared to eug...

PURPOSE To determine, using electrophysiological measures of visual system function, whether oral daily dosing of memantine is both safe and effective to reduce the injury associated with experimental glaucoma in primates. METHODS Argon laser treatment of the anterior chamber angle was used to induce chronic ocular hypertension (COHT) in the right eye of 18 macaque monkeys. Nine animals were ...