این مقاله با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و بهره‌‌گیری از مقایسه تطبیق، به تحلیل نقش مؤلفة «توجه» در ادراک حسی منظر ملاصدرا می‌‌پردازد. باب تقریرهای گوناگونی دارد. همة ‌این تقریرها توجه به‌‌عنوان ویژگی اساسی نفس انکارناپذیر است. گویای فعال سایر فرایندهای نفسانی است که بر اساس مبانی خاص دربارة حقیقت ملکوتی آن استوار نظریة را می‌‌توان دو تبیین نمود. الف) تعدد قوای ب) وحدت قوا اعتقاد مراتب نفس. دیدگاه نخست ...

this article considers all the mulla sadra’s proofs of primacy of existence (asalat al-wujud) found in all his works‚ and concludes that sadra has two approaches in his arguments: (1) to prove the primacy of existence through negation of original attributes from quiddity (mahiyyah), (2) to refute the primacy of quiddity through indirect proof. at the end‚ we conclude that the first approach and...

“sources of knowledge” is one of the significant topics in contemporary epistemology. epistemologists accept five sources of knowledge: perception, reason, introspection, testimony, and memory. this paper compares introspection, testimony and memory in mulla sadra and descartes’ philosophical systems. the two philosophers accept introspection, testimony and memory as the sources of knowledge. b...

avicenna, being influenced by farabi’s specific terms about the dual concepts of existence and quiddity, believed in external occurrence of existence upon quiddity in the contingents and the accidental synthesis of things from them. but bahmanyar, the self-proclaimed commentator on avicenna, expressly states in al-tahsil that the existence of a thing is the objectivity of its external quiddity ...

this essay is about mulla sadra and allameh tabatabaei’s views on the concept and extension of the “world of zar (pre-existence)” (the pervading meaning of verse 172, al-araf, holly quran). in this research, based on sadra and tabatabaei’s basic thoughts and by using the descriptive and analytic method the following results have been achieved: 1. the existence of the world of zar is proved by s...

modern scientific cosmology, having grounded itself in materialism, rebuts any theocentric explanation of the world as unnecessary and irrational. stephan hawking, being a prominent figure in this field, seeks to demonstrate that the world has come to existence by chance or necessity through an antitheistic argument based on big bang theory. regarding the metaphysical dimensions of the discours...

mulla sadra treated logos (kalam) as something that expresses the inside of the speaker, and explained that divine logos includes god’s creatures and god's action, therefore applying the word and logos to the universe is true, and according to the definition, god is speaker. mulla sadra explains the divine logos and command in three steps: superior logos i.e. the world of amr, middle logos...

the problem of the knowledge of human soul and its correlation to god's knowledge have been introduced between muslims of the beginning of islamic age and thought, using at correct traditions for ahl ul-bayt. muslim philosophers' affected by islamic teachings have studied in this respect and raised its problem as an islamic philosophical problem. they discussed this problem from two a...