We develop a general theory of organism movement in heterogeneous populations that can explain the leptokurtic movement distributions commonly measured in nature. We describe population heterogeneity in a state-structured framework, employing advection-diffusion as the fundamental movement process of individuals occupying different movement states. Our general analysis shows that population het...

The northern salt marsh harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris halicoetes) is an endangered species endemic to the San Francisco Bay Estuary. Using a conservation behavior perspective, we examined how salt marsh harvest mice cope with both natural (daily tidal fluctuations) and anthropogenic (modification of tidal regime) changes in natural tidal wetlands and human-created diked wetlands, a...

background during the recent decades, there have been two major leaps in treatment of depression using the medication to pacify and relieve depression signs and behavior cognitive therapy. the available evidences emphasize the treatment success with some group training methods including stress management, cognitive group therapy, and eye movement desensitization in reducing depression. objectiv...

This paper describes the simulation of movement control of a one-degree-of-freedom articulated robot arm SCARA actuated by a pair of McKibben pneumatic artificial muscles. The pneumatic artificial muscle is the actuator and emulates the behavior of biological muscles; due to its nonlinear behavior, there is also a need to develop control systems for robot arms using this type of actuator. Resea...

Blood cell separation microdevices are designed in biomedical engineering for separation of cancer cells from blood. The movement of cancer cells particles in a continuous flow microfluidic device is a challenging problem since there are several forces incorporated. For instance, forces due to inertia, gravity, buoyancy, dielectrophoresis and virtual mass are accounted for in this system. Under...

How does the individual behavior of a musician change in solo Vs. creative joint action? In this paper we consider music performance, an ideal ecological test bed to investigate non-verbal social behavior, to compare the expressive movement of violinists when playing solo or in a string quartet ensemble. In the presented study, by measuring its Sample Entropy, we observe that the movement of a ...

An individual's choices are shaped by its experience, a fundamental property of behavior important to understanding complex processes. Learning and memory are observed across many taxa and can drive behaviors, including foraging behavior. To explore the conditions under which memory provides an advantage, we present a continuous-space, continuous-time model of animal movement that incorporates ...

This paper describes experiments performed with 40 subjects wearing an eye-tracker and watching and imitating videos of finger, hand, and arm movements. For all types of stimuli, the subjects tended to fixate on the hand, regardless of whether they were imitating or just watching. The results lend insight into the connection between visual perception and motor control, suggesting that: (1) peop...

Recent electrophysiological and behavioral studies have found similarities in the neurology of pursuit and saccadic eye movements. In a previous study on eye movements using closely matched paradigms for pursuit and saccades, we revealed that both exhibit bimodal distributions of latency to predictable (PRD) and randomized (RND) stimuli; however, the latency to each type of stimulus was differe...