In a sensorless motor speed control system, the is not directly measured using sensor, but it estimated an observer. The systems are mostly applied to AC motors, while they have been widely DC motors. Therefore, this paper presents simple observers estimate speed. used were based on electric equation. Two methods in research. first method was observer estimating resistance inductance values (L-...

it is important for people to improve cognitive and motor performance. the purpouse of this study was to investigate the effect of running on treadmill in spatial memory and learning and motor performance. 24 albino-wistar healthy male rats were randomly divided into control and activity groups. activity group ran 7 days on treadmill (speed 22m/min 30 minutes a day). after the end of activity p...

In district heating stations, the heat carrier is circulated between the energy source and consumers by a pumping system. Fluid handling systems, such as pumping systems, are responsible for a significant portion of the total electrical energy use. Significant opportunities exist to reduce pumping energy through smart design, retrofitting, and operating practices. Most existing systems requirin...

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has potential applications in electric drives. The excellent characteristics of PSO may be successfully used to optimize the performance of electric machines in many aspects. In this chapter, a field-oriented controller that is based on Particle Swarm Optimization is presented. In this system, the speed control of two asymmetrical windings induction motor is ac...

Because of the low maintenance and robustness induction motors have many applications in the industries. The speed control of induction motor is more important to achieve maximum torque and efficiency. Various speed control techniques like, Direct Torque Control, Sensorless Vector Control and Field Oriented Control are discussed in this paper. Soft computing technique – Fuzzy logic is applied i...

Swarm Intelligence in the form of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has potential applications in electric drives. The excellent characteristics of PSO may be successfully used to optimize the performance of electric machines and electric drives in many aspects. It is estimated that, electric machines consume more than 50% of the world electric energy generated. Improving efficiency in electric...