Okinawa is the largest, most urbanized, and densely populated island in the Ryukyus Archipelago, where mosquito species diversity has been thoroughly studied. However, the south-central Okinawa mosquito fauna has been relatively poorly studied. Here, we present results from a mosquito faunal survey in urban environments of Nishihara city, south-central Okinawa. Mosquitoes were sampled biweekly,...

To control malaria effectively, it is essential to understand the current knowledge, beliefs, concerns, land management practices, and mosquito bite protection methods in use by citizens. This study presents a comparative, quantitative, interview-based study of land owners and/or managers (n = 262) in the Ecuadorian lowlands (presently considered malarious) (n = 131) and highlands (potentially ...

Toxic and feeding inhibition effect of cyfluthrin treated nets was assessed and compared with the activity of deltamethrin impregnated nets, before and after 2 and 4 washes against Phlebotomus papatasi. Impregnated cyfluthrin nets (50, 25, 12.5 mg active ingredient (a.i.)/m2) caused knock down and mortality rates higher than 90%, being of 100% at the highest dose, while the nets impregnated wit...

BACKGROUND The national Global Fund-supported malaria (GFM) program in Thailand, which focuses on the household-level implementation of vector control via insecticide-treated nets (ITNs)/long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) combined with indoor residual spraying (IRS), has been combating malaria risk situations in different provinces with complex epidemiological settings. By using the percept...

The present study aimed to identify the mosquito vectors distributed throughout AL-Ahsaa district situated in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Mosquito larvae were collected seasonally for one year (October 2009 to September 2010) from different breeding sites in seven rural areas utilizing long aquatic nets. Salinity and pH of these breeding sites were also measured seasonally. The survey r...

Malaria is considered to be the most prevalent vectorborne disease worldwide. For its prevention, it is necessary to have an appropriate and timely care program for patients and successful integrated and selective control of the vector species (Rafinejad et al. 2008). This control in highly endemic countries relies largely on one of two main methods: insecticide-treated (mosquito) nets (ITNs) a...

Every year up to about 300 million people are infected by malaria, an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium species parasites. Consequently, nearly 660, 000 deaths occur. Infected female Anophele mosquitoes transmit the parasite to humans through their salivary glands. Although there are other species that cause malaria, P. falciparum is the most dangerous type that infects and is transmitted...

In Queensland, Australia, the tropical-subtropical climate is ideal to promote macrophyte growth in surface flow wetlands; however, there have been concerns that constructed wetlands are potential breeding sites for disease-bearing mosquitoes. The aim of this study was to assess whether mosquitoes were breeding in these constructed wetlands, and if so, where they breed, and what parameters migh...

Pyrethroid resistance is becoming widespread in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, coinciding with expanded use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) throughout Africa. To investigate whether nets in use are still protective, we conducted household trials in northern and southern Benin, where An. gambiae mosquitoes are susceptible and resistant, respectively, to pyrethroids. Rooms were fitted with wind...

Background: In China, mosquito-borne diseases are most common in the sub-tropical area of Yunnan province. The objective of this study was to examine behaviors related to mosquito-borne diseases in different ethnic minority groups and different socioeconomic groups of people living in this region. Methods: A stratified two-stage cluster sampling technique with probability proportional to size w...