OBJECTIVE Disc edge veins of Kraupa are a rare anomaly of the retinal venous system in which the main trunk of the retinal vein disappeared into the margin of the optic disc instead of its centre. METHODS A 40-year-old woman was detected to have an anomaly in her left optic disc in a routine eye examination. The eyes had an anomaly of the retinal venous system in which all branches of the ret...

Seeds of plants from Ipomoea genera contain numerous ergot alkaloids, including psychoactive ergine and ergometrine, and are often abused as so-called "legal highs." In this work, an analytical method for determination of ergine and ergometrine, and identification of other alkaloids was developed, optimized, and validated. Three extraction techniques, ultrasound-assisted extraction in bath, or ...

ent diffusion coefficient (ADC), from necrotic tumors, which show a low diffusion signal with high ADC. The final diagnosis is usually histological after surgical drainage. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus is the most commonly isolated microorganism. According to the different series, the ratio between Gram stain and positive cultures ranges from 0% to 64%, which may first be explained by the ...