Games of chance are often used as conceptual models of random processes in nature. For example, an exhibit on the heart in Chicago's Museum of Science and Industry includes a kind of pinball machine. After the balls bounce somewhat randomly through this machine, they fall into bins symbolizing the different states of health of one's heart. One can bias the outcomes for better or for worse by tu...

We test the effect of players’ moods on their behavior in a gift-exchange game. In the first stage of the game, player 1 chooses a transfer to player 2. In the second stage, player 2 chooses an effort level. Higher effort is more costly for player 2, but it increases player 1’s payoff. We say that player 2 reciprocates if effort is increasing in the transfer received. Player 2 is generous if ef...

To the Editor: In response to striking doctors, the HPCSA argues that it can investigate unprofessional conduct in the absence of a complaint because it is the custodian of professional morals. 1 The HPCSA did not always hold this position; for example, when the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) made public the evidence of potential involvement of health professionals in human rights vi...

Earlier this year, the Court of Justice of the European Union, in Oliver Brüstle v Greenpeace e.V, cast a decision that has wide-ranging implications for research on human embryonic stem cells and subsequent commercial development. The court revoked a patent previously granted to German stem cell researcher Oliver Brüstle for a method to generate nerve cells from human embryonic stem cells. The...

Most societies prohibit some market transactions based on moral concerns, even when the exchanges would benefit the parties involved and would not create negative externalities. A prominent example is given by payments for human organs for transplantation, banned virtually everywhere despite long waiting lists and many deaths of patients who cannot find a donor. Recent research, however, has sh...

Morals in modern times are felt to be fading. So many people now study only oriented the world's pleasures without caring about how Islam will be. With existence of Ta'alim Muta'alim book, it is hoped that can help overcome moral decline, wrong intentions seeking morals, finding teachers, and we should choose friends studying. The method used further research a qualitative explains from book Ta...

this article is an attempt to analyze the interaction of heroic morals and the logic of everyday life through the perspective of sociology of cinema. in other words, the author is aimed to study the interaction of heroic morals and the logic of everyday life as represented and narrated by cinema. the case under study is the movies of masud kimiai. theoretically, a combination of jean duvignaud ...

This study aims to determine the morals of students at el-Fira Modern Islamic Boarding School located in Karanganjing, Purwanegara Utara Purwokerto, Banyumas, namely that cottage there are a lot and each student must have different morals, not all can be generalized their morals. Because has background for example from environmental factors family factors. These shape character attitude childre...

The story of how Perrin’s experimental work established the reality of atoms and molecules has been a staple in (realist) philosophy of science writings (Wesley Salmon, Clark Glymour, Peter Achinstein, Penelope Maddy,...). I’ll argue that how this story is told distorts both what the work was and its significance, and draw morals for the understanding of how theories can be or fail to be empiri...

1. All duties are either duties of right, that is, juridical duties (officia juris), or duties of virtue, that is, ethical duties (officia virtutis s. ethica). Juridical duties are such as may be promulgated by external legislation; ethical duties are those for which such legislation is not possible. The reason why the latter cannot be properly made the subject of external legislation is becaus...