Using novel real-time data on a broad set of economic fundamentals for …ve major US dollar exchange rates over the recent ‡oat, we employ a predictive procedure that allows the relationship between exchange rates and fundamentals to evolve over time in a very general fashion. Our key …ndings are that: (i) the well-documented weak out-of-sample predictive ability of exchange rate models may be c...

The ultimate goal of monetary policy is to achieve price stability and high output. In this regard, central banks usually change the interest rate, liquidity, and money base in order to apply monetary policies. The John B. Taylor rule is one of the rules known in the transmission of monetary policy.[1] Based on this rule and given the output gap and inflation gap, the central bank increases or ...

Abstract We evaluate asset returns and volatility connectedness using the time‐frequency model machine learning approaches. Using 48 years of monthly indices equity real estate investment trusts (EREITs), mortgage (MREITs), stocks, commodities, bonds, we find that shocks to EREIT, MREIT have a transitory impact on other assets. However, among assets occurs at lower frequencies as markets slowly...

Reliable measures of the size and direction of changes in monetary policy are very crucial for examining the effects of monetary policy on the economy. Monetary Condition Index (MCI) can be used as a tool to assess the stance of monetary policy. This index is defined as the weighted average of different monetary transmission mechanism relative to their values in a base period. The weights in MC...

the relationship between objective realities of the time of revelation and impressionability or non- impressionability of revelation from that realities are of the important issues that raised many doubts and debates in recent century. undoubtedly, accepting the impressionability of the holy quran from the realities of that time could be considered as one of the fundamentals of the historicity ...