ةــصلاـخلا : سا وه ةنيجهلا ملعتلا ةمظنأ يدحت نإ تامولعملا رداصم دحأ نم ةعبانلا تامولعملا لامعت رخآ ردصم نع ةمجانلا صئاقنلا ةنزاومل . كلذ و ةدعاو ثحب ةهجو لثمي يزمرلا يكبشلا جزملا نإ ةيزمرلا نيتقيرطلا نيب دضاعتلا نلأ ) ةيرظنلا ( ةيكبشلا و ) ةيبيرجتلا ( لآ لامعتسا نم ةيلاعف رثآأ ادح ىلع امهنم ةدحاو . لا اذه فصي ،يزمر يكبش فنصم ةطساوب ةيفرحلا ةيبرعلا غلابملا ىلع فرعتلل اماظن ثحب ،ةيلاملا غلابملا...

ناآ دقل رهوج ،ةيفخ ةفصب تامولعملا لاسرإ و لاصتلاا عوضوم مدقلا ذنم مامتهلاا و ديعب نمز ذنم عساو لكشب مدختست ةيصنلا قئاثولا تناآ ، صوصنلا يف تامولعملا ءافخلإ ةفلتخم اًقرط مويلا ىتح نمز ذنم دهشن نحن كلذل ) Text Steganography .( لاقملا اذه نإ ط لوانتي ةيبرعلا و ةيسرافلا صوصنلا يف تامولعملا ءافخلإ ةديدج ةقير . و دوآ ينويلا ةفصاوم يف دجوي ) Unicode ( ءايلا فرحل نافلتخم نازمر » ى « ، فاكلا فرحل كلذآو...

Leaf area index (LAI), one of the most crucial vegetation biophysical variables, is required to evaluate structural characteristic plant communities. This study, therefore, aimed LAI ecoregions in Iran obtained using Sentinel-2B, Landsat 8 (OLI), MODIS, and AVHRR data June July 2020. A field survey was performed different throughout Ardabil Province during 2020 under satellite image dates. Laip...

snow cover area is one of the most important criteria to calculate snow melt runoff. this can have an effect on the biology of the plant and the environment of a region. using the catchment basin physical characteristic to calculate snow cover area is a conventional method, though its accuracy is not good enough. most of the useful methods in calculating snow cover area are based on satellite i...

Lake ice phenology is an indicator of past and present climate, it sensitive to regional global climate change. In the few decades, Central Asia has changed significantly due warming anthropogenic activities. However, there are studies on lake in Asia. this study, 53 lakes were extracted using MODIS daily LST products from 2002 2020. The results show that MODIS-extracted generally consistent wi...

In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Leaf area index Validation Accuracy Climate data Long term data record AVHRR...

هديكچ ط ي لاس اه ي خا ي ر پ ي تفرش لباق هظحلام ا ي رد طابترا اب لولس ه ا ي نب ي دا ي لصاح هدش تسا هک ون ي د شخب هار اهراک ي ون ي ن نامرد ي رد ب ي رام ي اه ي بعص جلاعلا م ي .دشاب ا ي ن لولس اه هک رد مامت ناگرا ي مس اه ي دنچ لولس ي روضح ،دنراد اناوت يي سقت ي م و دبت ي ل هب لولس اه يي سب ي را صاصتخا ي ار هتشاد و نچمه ي ن رداق هب اج ي زگ ي ن ...

صخلملا A total of 48 fresh water fishes, belonging to four species of the family Cyprinidae (Capoeta trutta, Chalcalburnus mossulensis, Cyprinion macrostomum and Leuciscus lepidus) were collected from Darbandikhan lake, southwest Sulaimaniya city, Kurdistan region, in the north of Iraq, from March to the end of July 2008. The inspection of gills revealed the infection of these fishes with four ...