Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is responsible for hand, foot and mouth disease with high mortality among children. Various neutralizing B cell epitopes of EV71 have been identified as potential vaccine candidates. Capsid-incorporation of antigens into adenovirus (Ad) has been developed for a novel vaccine approach. We constructed Ad3-based EV71 vaccine vectors by incorporating a neutralizing epitope SP7...

The history of amino acid assay has been marked by numerous controversies on the problem of destruction of amino acids by acid hydrolysis of the protein or food. It has been generally conceded that when such hydrolyses are carried out in the presence of certain carbohydrates amino acids are destroyed. Recently Baldwin, Lowry, and Thiessen (1) reported that autoclaving casein with dextrose resul...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate cytotoxicity and cytokine production induced by light-cured or non-light-cured methacrylate-based and silorane composite resins in RAW 264.7 macrophages. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cells were stimulated with the extracts from light-cured or non-light-cured composite resins. After incubation for 24 h, cytotoxicity was assessed with the lactate dehydrog...

fascioliasis is a worldwide parasitic disease in human and domestic animals. the causative agents of fascioliasis are fasciola hepatica and fasciola gigantica. in the recent years, fasciola resistance to drugs has been reported in the many of publications. fasciola spp has detoxification system including gst enzyme which may be responsible for its resistance. therefore , the aim of the study wa...

The use of serologic assays for influenza A virus (IAV) surveillance in wild birds has increased because of the availability of commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Recently, an H5-specific blocking ELISA (bELISA) was shown to reliably detect H5-specific antibodies to low- and high-pathogenic H5 viruses in experimentally infected waterfowl. Mute Swans (Cygnus olor) were frequ...

Background: Newcastle disease is a major avian disease that causes enormous economic loss in poultry industry. There have been a number of reports on the suitability of plant-based recombinant vaccine against this disease. Fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) epitopes of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) represent the major immunogenic sites for development of recomb...

Kathryn Calame C. Thomas Caskey Dennis W. Choi John M. Coffin Paul J. Crutzen Robert Desimone Bruce F. Eldridge Paul T. Englund Richard G. Fairbanks Douglas T. Fearon Harry A. Fozzard Klaus Friedrich Theodore H. Geballe John C. Gerhart Roger 1. M. Glass Stephen P. Goff Peter N. Goodfellow Corey S. Goodman Ira Herskowitz Eric F. Johnson Stephen M. Kosslyn Michael LaBarbera Nicole Le Douarin Char...