survival such as GVHD and leukemia risk group. Elmaagacli and colleagues propose several explanations for these results (see figure). First, myeloid cells are a reservoir for CMV. It is possible that viral reactivation in AML blasts makes them a target for subsequent attack by virus-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs). Alternatively, CMV reactivation in AML cells may up-regulate leukocyte fixatio...

In October 2014, an Antares rocket blasted off from a NASA launch pad on one of Virginia’s barrier islands, and exploded seconds later. In addition to about 5,000 pounds of food and equipment destined for the International Space Station, the doomed rocket was carrying 26 miniature satellites called CubeSats, one of which housed physicist Alexander Ling’s experiment. “We thought, ‘oh, that’s it,...

Abstract: Although military cooperation among rebel groups in multi-party civil wars could help rebels defeat or extract concessions from an incumbent government, violent conflict among rebel groups is empirically prevalent. Why do rebel groups in multi-actor civil wars choose to fight one another? This paper models the strategic dilemma facing rebel groups in multi-party civil wars as an alter...

This essay analyzes the causes of civil wars in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) by testing several hypotheses at the national, regional, and systemic levels. Particular emphasis is given to the current debate over the prevalence of the grievance and greed approaches in spurring civil wars. The analysis employs either robust probit or instrumental variable probit to deal with endogeneity ...

This paper uses documentary records of the bromine cartel from 1885 to 1914 to evaluate the contributions of noncooperative, repeated game models of collusion to our understanding of the determinants of cartel success and the causes of price wars. It finds that many of the variables that determine an industry’s ability to collude in these models—the discount rate, the information structure, the...