Collaborative Augmented Reality (CAR) systems allow multiple users to share a real world environment including computer-generated images in real time. The hardware features of most current mobile phones include wireless network capabilities that offer a natural platform for CAR systems. However, the potential number of clients in CAR systems based on mobile phones is much larger than on CAR sys...

The way people communicate is changing very fast. Few years ago, mobile phones were used exclusively for voice calls. Today the mobile terminal usage is no longer restricted to voice communication only. In Finland, it is widely accepted among youngsters to use a GSM phone for sending SMS messages, to chat with friends or to play games. Adults may be more interested in checking their stocks or p...

In the interconnected world that we live in, traditional security barriers are broken down. Developments such as outsourcing, increased usage of mobile devices and wireless networks each cause new security problems. To address the new security threats, a number of solutions have been suggested, mostly aiming at securing data rather than whole systems or networks. However, these visions (such as...

In 1994, Ericsson Mobile Communications launched an initiative to study low-power, low-cost radio interfaces between mobile phones and their accessories. A radio-access solution was sought because it would eliminate the need for cables and overcome lineof-sight restrictions. It was also recognized that a low-cost solution would usher in wireless connectivity for a multitude of new applications ...

Exponential growth of the volume of Bluetooth-enabled devices indicates that it has become a popular way of wireless interconnections for exchanging information. The main goal of this paper is to analyze the most critical Bluetooth attacks in real scenarios. In order to find out the major vulnerabilities in modern Bluetooth-enabled mobile devices several attacks have performed successfully such...

TheWireless World Research Forum (WWRF) has identified ambient-awareness and device diversity as two key properties of applications and services in future mobile systems [1]. According to the WWRF, emerging applications for mobile devices will be adaptive, personalized, and context-aware. Ambient-awareness in particular is a crucial issue in indoor applications. Indeed, these applications need ...

Mobile computing is distributed computing that involves elements whose location changes in the course of computation. Elements may be software components such as mobile agents or moving objects -, data, hardware such as palmtops and wireless phones -, or users. This being a very broad definition, the common underlying issue is location and its management. The term mobile computing is very often...

Radio Frequency (RF) engineers are faced many times with the following two questions: “What are the effects of radio waves on human health?” and, more specifically, “What health risks are associated with the use of cell phones, mobile radios, microwave radios, microwave ovens, broadcast radio and television transmitters, power lines and X-rays?” In recent times, many people have expressed an in...

The way people do the business and transactions are changing drastically with the advent of Information Technology. The customer wants to access information, goods and services any time and in any place on his mobile device. Receiving financial data, trade on stock exchanges, accessing balances, paying bills and transfer funds using SMS are done through mobile phones. Due to involvement of valu...

BACKGROUND Wireless phones, i.e., mobile phones and cordless phones, emit radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) when used. An increased risk of brain tumors is a major concern. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) at the World Health Organization (WHO) evaluated the carcinogenic effect to humans from RF-EMF in May 2011. It was concluded that RF-EMF is a group 2B, i.e....