Concentrated animal feeding operations typically store livestock waste in clay-lined ponds. Although these ponds are regulated to include a liner with a small hydraulic conductivity to limit leaching, previous studies have traced surface and groundwater contamination from such regulated animal waste ponds. This research examined the transport of 17β-estradiol (E2) and its primary metabolite, es...

In recent years, Pillared InterLayered Clays (PILCs) have been widely used in several applications; in particular in adsorption and catalysis. The research interest in this family of solids has increased considerably. Clay minerals provide distinct nanometer-scaled layers and interlayers for engineering them as active catalysts. As such, strategic design and preparation has led to a variety of ...

Abstraet--A method for the determination of the cations of Na, K, Mg and Ca adsorbed on clay minerals mixed with CaCO3 and MgCO3 is described. An ethanolic solution of LiC1-CsC1 is used to displace the exchangeable cations. Blank determinations performed using either a second ethanolic leach or a second LiC1-CsC1 leach, are used to correct for carbonate dissolution. Details of the methods devel...

Presence of swelling soils under the foundations of civil engineering structures particularly lightly loaded structures has caused serious damages around the globe due to their differential up heaving. In this paper, based on the results of swell tests on bentonite mixed clay, correlations for predicting the swelling parameters (i.e., swell potential and swell pressure) have been proposed. Mixi...

An investigation of shallow ground water quality revealed that high arsenic (As) concentrations were found in both aquifers and aquitards in the southern Choushui River alluvial fan of Taiwan. A total of 655 geological core samples from 13 drilling wells were collected and analyzed. High As contents were found primarily in aquitards, to a maximum of 590 mg/kg. The contents were correlated with ...

Testing of a deeply embedded mixed-signal core in a System-on-Chip (SoC) is a challenging issue due to the communication bottleneck in accessing the core from external automatic test equipment. Consequently, in many cases the preferred approach is built-in self-test (BIST), where the major part of test activity is performed within the unit-under-test and only final results are communicated to t...

water saturation and cation exchange capacity are the most significant parameters used to calculate a hydrocarbon zone potential. in clean formations, by applying the famous archie model, which assumes that in the formation the only electric conductor is the formation water, the water saturation can be calculated. additionally, in shaly sand formations this assumption may not be true as the ion...

Western Australia’s housing sector is growing rapidly and around half a million houses are expected to be built by 2030, which not only will result in increased energy and resources demand but will have socio-economic impacts. Majority of Western Australians live in detached houses made of energy intensive clay bricks, which have a high potential to generate construction and demolition (C&D) wa...