For a number of reasons, computational intelligence and machine learning methods have been largely dismissed by the professional community. The reasons for this are numerous and varied, but inevitably amongst the reasons given is that the systems designed often do not perform as expected by their designers. The reasons for this lack of performance is a direct result of mistakes that are commonl...

Not all of the many approaches to quality control are equally effective. Nonconformities in laboratory testing are caused basically by excessive process variation and mistakes. Statistical quality control can effectively control process variation, but it cannot detect or prevent most mistakes. Because mistakes or blunders are frequently the dominant source of nonconformities, we conclude that s...

Investors systematically deviate from rationality when making financial decisions, yet the mechanisms responsible for these deviations have not been identified. Using event-related fMRI, we examined whether anticipatory neural activity would predict optimal and suboptimal choices in a financial decision-making task. We characterized two types of deviations from the optimal investment strategy o...

This study attempted to compare typed and handwritten essays of Iranian EFL students in terms of length, spelling, and grammar. To administer the study, the researchers utilized Alice Touch Typing Tutor software to select 15 upper intermediate students with higher ability to write two essays: one typed and the other handwritten. The students were both males and females between the ages of 22 to...

We document that not all individuals who pay penalty fees on their credit cards (e.g. for not paying the minimum monthly payment, or for exceeding their credit limit) do so because they don’t have enough money. In fact, a sizable proportion of those who incur credit card penalty fees do have enough money in their deposit accounts, and so could have avoided those penalties. In other words these ...

Economic models usually assume that agents play precise best responses to others' actions. It is sometimes argued that this is a good approximation when there are many agents in the game, because if their mistakes are independent, aggregate uncertainty is small. We study a class of games in which players’ payoffs depend solely on their individual actions, and on the aggregate of all players’ ac...