This paper describes a methodology for designing interconnected LAN/MAN networks with the objective of minimizing the average network delay. We first consider IEEE 802 standard LAN’s interconnected by transparent bridges. These bridges are required to form a spanning tree topology. We propose a simulated annealing-based algorithm for designing minimum delay spanning tree topologies. In order to...

This article traces the pattern of conflict, collaboration, and compromise among trade unions, employers, political parties, executive branches, and economic research institutes in Germany, all of which have different stances regarding the introduction of a general statutory minimum wage there. This article examines the degree of political intervention in collective bargaining autonomy. First, ...

Originally, MapReduce implementations such as Hadoop employed First In First Out (fifo) scheduling, but such simple schemes cause job starvation. The Hadoop Fair Scheduler (hfs) is a slot-based MapReduce scheme designed to ensure a degree of fairness among the jobs, by guaranteeing each job at least some minimum number of allocated slots. Our prime contribution in this paper is a different, fle...

Natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and other extreme weather pose serious risks to modern critical infrastructure including electrical distribution grids. Recent U.S. government sources [1, 2] suggest that new methodologies for improving system resilience to these events is necessary. Here, we focus on developing methods for designing and upgrading these grids to better withstan...

Real time internet traffic classification is imperative for service discrimination, network security and network monitoring. Classification of traffic depends on initial first few network packets of full flows of captured IP traffic. Practically, the real world framework situation expects correct conclusion of classification well before a flow has ended even if the start of the Traffic flow is ...

This paper investigates GPS satellite position estimation and infers conclusions from the analysis performed. The position estimation is done by evaluating a system of equations under both ideal and noisy conditions. A minimum mean squared error filter is then applied to the resulting position data. Additive noise is then applied to the received ephemeris data to simulate a selective availabili...

Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs) are expected to be the new generation of access providers using the emerging IEEE 802.11 technology. Face to the high competition of providing network services, the WISP have to offer the best service to the users. For this purpose, the WISP networks’ managers need to provide Quality of Service (QoS) with a minimum cost in their wireless networks. The...

Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs) are expected to be the new generation of access providers using the emerging IEEE 802.11 technology. Face to the high competition of providing network services, the WISP have to offer the best service to the users. For this purpose, the WISP networks’ managers need to provide Quality of Service (QoS) with a minimum cost in their wireless networks. The...