conclusions acute and chronic administration of ellagic acid had anxiolytic property. also, the most effective dose of ellagic acid was 30 mg/kg. pretreatment with flumazenil reversed the beneficial effect of ellagic acid and diazepam on anxiety. it is likely that the anxiolytic effect of ellagic acid is largely mediated by activation of gabaa receptor. results acute and chronic application of ...

Background context: Alternatives to access the anterior portion of the thoracic spine include thoracotomy, thoracoscopy, and transpedicular approaches. These techniques have proven to be either extremely traumatic or to be technically difficult. Consequently, these approaches are not routinely used. The development of new monitoring systems, instruments, and implants allow conventional anterior...

Abstract Background Thoracoscopic spine surgery is a form of minimally invasive primarily used to treat thoracic spinal disk herniation and stenosis via endoscopic discectomy decompression techniques, respectively. In contrast the lengthy recovery time related risks an open approach, this technique attempts limit tissue trauma while maintaining therapeutic efficacy. Thoracoscopies video-assiste...

"Medical" thoracoscopy as compared with "surgical" thoracoscopy (which is more precisely known as video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)) has the advantage that it can be performed under local anaesthesia or conscious sedation, in an endoscopy suite, using nondisposible rigid instruments. Thus, it is considerably less invasive and less expensive. The main diagnostic and therapeutic indications ...