introduction: the preparation of the root canal space includes debridement, shaping and apical preparation. these procedures are challenging and constitute. the recent introduction of automated techniques for canal preparation has created considerable interest. the aim of this study was to test shaping ability of one hand instrumentation (passive step-back technique) and new rotary niti system ...

INTRODUCTION Thermal changes can occur on the external root surface when root-end cavity preparation is performed, which may damage periodontal ligament cells and alveolar bone. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the temperature changes during preparation of the root-end cavities at 1 and 3 mm to the sectioned apical root surfaces when either tungsten carbide round bur, diamo...

In the Bay of Fundy, Atlantic sturgeon from endangered and threatened populations in the USA and Canada migrate through Minas Passage to enter and leave Minas Basin. A total of 132 sub-adult and adult Atlantic sturgeon were tagged in Minas Basin during the summers of 2010-2014 using pressure measuring, uniquely coded, acoustic transmitters with a four or eight year life span. The aim of this st...

The mastery of techniques for preparing cavity-field states through atom-field interaction in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) is crucial to many useful applications in quantum optics. As high-Q cavities have permitted the preparation of cavity-field superpositions of the form |Ψ〉 = ∣α eiφ 〉 + ∣α e−iφ 〉) / √ 2, with mean number of oscillator quanta |α| ≈ 10, mesoscopic quantum coherence in ...

A new approach to sample handling for powder X-ray diffraction analysis is presented that allows characterization of poorly prepared samples. The technique relies on vibrations generated in a sample holder to create movement of the powdered sample in the absence of macroscopic movement of the sample holder itself. The major benefits over conventional sample handling strategies are: 1) the abili...

The Electric Power Research Institute conducted a study of Tidal In-Stream Power Production that is one of the best references available and has reports for download. A similar study of River Turbines describes many turbines. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Marine and Hydrokinetic Technology Database provides up-to-date information on marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy, both in the U.S. a...