The scope of applications of dialkyl dicyanofumarates and maleates as highly functionalized electron-deficient dipolarophiles, dienophiles and Michael acceptors is summarized. The importance for the studies on reaction mechanisms of cycloadditions is demonstrated. Multistep reactions with 1,2-diamines and β-aminoalcohols leading to diverse five- and six-membered heterocycles are discussed. Appl...

The osidase and dehydrogenase activities in the enzymes oxidizing xanthine can be differentiated by the use of certain inhibitors (1). The present study was designed to see if such inhibitors are specific for the reaction with oxygen, or whether these agents also block the transfer of electrons to cytochrome c and nitrate. Both reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide and hypoxanthine were studied ...

Gas phase treatments of dry-fiberized newsprint were investigated as a way to impmve intefibre bonding and thereby to minimize the use of water for recycling newsprint. Chlorine dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone were studied as gaseous oxidizing agents. The report includes the results of an optimization study for the ozone treatment and results of experiments designed to establish the mechan...

In the present work, we have reported the in situ oxidation of manganese (II) acetate to MnO2 nanoparticles through the thermal plasma carbonized natural hydroxyapatite (MnO2/TP-NHAp) as a neoteric sustainable method. Interestingly, the thermal plasma-processed surface of the NHAp shows a great ability for oxidation of the manganese (II) without need of any external oxidizing agents. The cataly...

Although T-type calcium channels were first described in sensory neurons, their function in sensory processing remains unclear. In isolated rat sensory neurons, we show that redox agents modulate T currents but not other voltage- and ligand-gated channels thought to mediate pain sensitivity. Similarly, redox agents modulate currents through Ca(v)3.2 recombinant channels. When injected into peri...

Cleaning and Disinfection • Little is known about virus survival outside the host; however, HEV is thought to be somewhat stable in the environment since feces are an important source of infection. • Heating pork products to an internal temperature of 71°C (160°F) for 20 minutes is required to completely inactivate HEV. • HEV is potentially susceptible to disinfection with acids like acetic aci...