Methods The mRNA expression of the IL-5, IL-8 and TGF-beta protein was analyzed using qRT-PCR in 32 nasal polyps and 7 control samples comparing it with medium turbinate control samples (obtained from patients undergoing aesthetic rhinoplasty). The numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils were counted in samples obtained during surgical procedure, and stained with hematoxylin eosin in an optical ...

Patients who have had middle-ear or mastoid surgery are at an increased risk of developing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhoea. The CSF leak is usually from defects in the tegmen or posterior cranial fossa. We present a patient with CSF otorrhoea following a modified radical mastoidectomy seven years ago. There was an unusual communication between the internal auditory meatus (IAM) and the midd...

The nasal cavity is a main part of the human upper airway, and it has the important functions of respiration, heating and humidifying the inhaled air. The properties of the air flow in the nasal cavity may contribute to the occurrence of respiratory disease. In addition, particles are filtered by the nasal cavity. This function prevents toxic particles to enter into the human body, but it also ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of airflow communication between bilateral nostril sides on nasal ventilation. In addition, we try to validate the efficacy of the Draf III procedure from the aerodynamics perspective. METHODS One health model and two disease models were constructed. These included 2 patients with nasal septum perforation and 1 patient who received the Draf III procedure. W...

fungal rhino sinusitis (frs) is an important infection of para nasal sinuses, which encompasses two main categories; invasive and noninvasive forms according to histopathological findings. aspergillus spp are the most common species isolated from noninvasive form, while mucorales are more frequently isolates from acute infections.four hundred fifty patients suspected to fungal rhino sinusitis w...

BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that endoscopically obtained cultures from the middle meatus give comparable results to antral puncture for acute sinusitis. The best method for obtaining middle meatal cultures remains somewhat controversial because it has been theorized that specimens obtained with a swab are contaminated easily. This study compares endoscopic culture results from two diffe...

BACKGROUND Mitomycin C has recently been used to prevent nasal synechiae and sinus ostium stenosis after endoscopic sinus surgery. OBJECTIVE OF REVIEW To compare nasal synechiae rate between topical Mitomycin C and saline or no treatment. TYPE OF REVIEW Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials databases were used to iden...

BACKGROUND Meningocele or meningocephalocele is a rare defect, which consists in the displacement of the structures of the brain or/and meninges through a congenital cavity in the cranium. Depending on the location, there are hernias of the skull vault and base or external and internal hernias. Some of them can cause breathing disorders in children. CASE REPORT We described a case of an eutro...

OBJECTIVE The nasal mucosa is equipped with abundant lymphatic tissues, serving as the first line of defense against invasion by microorganisms. In this study, we characterized the features of the nasal mucosa of Bama minipigs (Sus scrofa domestica) via histological analysis. METHODS Five cross sections (I, II, III, IV, and V) were obtained from the distal end of the nasal cavity toward the p...