The paper aims at tracing the origin of preposition, adverb, and conjunction after, starting with first examples registered before 850; distinguishing primary transposed categories; reconstructing process functional transposition in general. analysis is undertaken on basis examples, which have been manually selected from HCET CLMET undergone following PoS tagging, statistical data retrieved COH...

In this paper we describe our submission for iCLEF2006: an interface that allows users to search FLICKR in Arabic for images with captions in a range of languages. We report and discuss the results gained from a user experiment in accordance with directives given by iCLEF, including an analysis of the success of search tasks. To enable the searching of multilingual image annotations we use Engl...

The objective of this study was to examine differences between fluent English-speaking ethnically diverse (ED) individuals (from Hispanic, Asian and Middle-Eastern descent) and monolingual English-speaking Anglo-Americans (MEAA) on commonly used tests of information processing and attention. A sample of 123 (84 ED and 39 MEAA) healthy individuals participated. The results revealed that the MEAA...

Grammatical change is an extremely interesting area but does presuppose some knowledge of grammar. For this reason, if you do not have this knowledge yet, this chapter will work best if you have first familiarised yourself with the terminology discussed in the chapters on grammar, i.e. especially chapters and 5–8. Chapters on grammatical change in traditional textbooks on the history of English...

This study readdresses the loss of Negative Concord (NC) in Standard English. A detailed study of negation in Late Middle English and Early Modern English reveals that the loss of NC was a case of a natural change triggered by some internal factors. A close study of n-words in negative contexts and their ultimate replacement with negative polarity items (NPIs) in a number of grammatical environ...

Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) relies on the availability of rich parallel corpora. However, in the case of under-resourced languages or some specific domains, parallel corpora are not readily available. This leads to under-performing machine translation systems in those sparse data settings. To overcome the low availability of parallel resources the machine translation community has rec...

An English double-embedded relative clause from which the middle verb is omitted can often be processed more easily than its grammatical counterpart, a phenomenon known as the grammaticality illusion. This effect has been found to be reversed in German, suggesting that the illusion is language specific rather than a consequence of universal working memory constraints. We present results from th...