background: this study is performed to reveal most common species and subspecies of leptospires that are main causes of hu­man leptospirosis in guilan, northern province of iran. methods: we performed igm-elisa and mat on 282 blood samples from patients who attended to 3 hospitals in the flat area of guilan province with clinical symptoms consisted with leptospirosis.  all specimens with titers...

background leptospirosis is a systemic infectious disease caused by pathogenic bacteria belonging to the species of leptospira, it is considered to be the most common zoonosis in the world. this is a serious and sometimes fatal infection which is transmitted from animals to humans by entering the digestive tract or mucosal membrane. within the initial 10-12 day period, the patient may experienc...

the ultraviolet-visible (uv) spectra of toluene, ortho-bromo and para-bromo toluene in different solvents have been studied. the electric dipole moments and polarizabilities in the molecular excited electronic states were determined. it was found that the electric dipole moments for the excited states (µ*) and the ground states (µ) of these compounds are equal, and the change in dipole moment i...

PURPOSE To study the outcome of removal of retained intraocular foreign bodies (RIOFBs) via limbus using 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy (TSV). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective, non-comparative interventional case series, fourteen eyes of 14 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled. They underwent 23-gauge TSV for management of posterior segment RIOFB...

background: differentiation between the muscularis mucosae (mm) and muscularispropria (mp) of the bladder remains challenging. objective: to identify mm- and mp-specific antigens that could be of potential value for staging of urothelialcarcinomain a pilot study. method: the expression of 12 protein antigens in 11 human bladder specimens was examined. there were 5 post radical cystectomy specim...

Iris varix is rare and little is known about its clinical characteristics. We treated a thrombosed iris varix that simulated an iris melanoma. A 53-year-old man developed a dark brown iris mass and hyphema in his left eye. Ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed a circumscribed mass of the iris stroma. Because of suspicion for melanoma, it was removed by sector iridectomy. Histopathologic examination...

introduction and aims: microscopic colitis has been generally recognized as lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis: two inflammatory diseases of large intestine without a definite origin. the colon appears normal by colonoscopy. so, biopsy of the colonic mucosa is mandatory for diagnosis. materials and methods: as a descriptive design we assessed epidemiological, clinical and laboratory fi...

BACKGROUND A 4.5-month-old male colony-bred Indian rhesus macaque was presented for presumed trauma to the right eye. The globe was centrally distended 5 mm, with apparent hyphema and moderate to severe corneal edema. Surgical enucleation was performed. The initial histopathology report concluded chronic keratitis. Nearly 3 years later, a diagnosis of goniodysgenesis was made. The eye was sent ...

This case report describes the findings of a 18 year-old black male from Bahia, a Northeastern state in Brazil, with the sickle cell trait, who developed bilateral hyphema and vitreous hemorrhage with blindness in the course of leptospirosis. The patient started to complain of blurred vision four days after the start of fever and muscular pain and approximately twelve hours after the introducti...