We develop theory leading to an ability to catalog types of elementary particles. The resulting catalog provides for known interaction-mediating bosons, non-traditional interactioncarrying bosons, and fermions. Ratios of theoretical numbers of analogs of various types of particles match observed ratios of densities for baryonic matter, dark matter, and dark energy.

Taxing capital in open economies su¤ers from a rather wasteful tax competition. According to Konrad & Schjelderup (1999) harmonizing capital income taxes within a subgroup of countries is bene…cial to all countries. Although economists and politicians advocate a coordinated tax policy within a federation or a federal system like the EU they favor national tax sovereignty over a harmonization of...

For example, if for some input x of length len(x) = n, an algorithm requires 2 computational steps, then for an input of a reasonable length n ≈ 300, we would need 2 computational steps. Even if we use a hypothetical computer for which each step takes the smallest physically possible time (the time during which light passes through the smallest known elementary particle), we would still need mo...

in this research between 3-dimensional and axisymmetric modeling for movement of nano-particles in passing through a aerodynamic lens, and also between these models and famous model of wang & liu was compared. for this purpose, output of nano-particles penetration, divergence angel, and nano-particle velocity with wang & liu model was compared. geometrical model used for aerodynamic lens compar...

aeolian process and subsequently soil erosion are key factors in dryland environments. such phenomena are related not only to geoecological factors (lithology, topography, and climatology) but also to land-use and plant cover changes. formation of new sand dunes in damghan explains the development of human activities over the past. the aim of this study is to explain the land use changes and th...

in this investigation the silicate nano structure of mcm-41 has been used for the production of nanofluid.the particles have negligible heat conductivity and therefore by their dispersion in a base fluid likewater, it is possible to study the increase of heat conductivity due to the brownian motion effects. in thiswork a suitable apparatus for the measurement of heat conductivity has been built...

today, rocky monuments are being exposed to different physical, chemical and biological factors and therefore going to be ruined. one of physical destructive factors is growing of fungus and lichens on the rocks. this research aims to make use of silver nano-particles produced through microbial method in order to prevent growth and progression of fungus detached from rocky surfaces in meymand h...

in this research, using pyrolysis of phenolic resin in the presence of silicon particles, the sic ceramic composite is formed. the samples were prepared by introducing 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 wt% of si particles to the phenolic resin. the samples were cured at 180°c then carbonized at 1100°c. the final carbonized c/si composites are hot-pressed at 1500°c in inert atmosphere, which is more than th...

abstract   background and aim: in cement production factories, dust is produced due to corrosion, grinding, replacement, and baking materials in the furnace. electrostatic precipitation is one of the most widely applied technologies for the removal of hazardous particles from cement factories.   materials and methods: in this study, some questionnaires were designed, by attention with several s...

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