conclusions the results suggest that fge can improve the antibiotic sensitivity of these pathogens to some antibiotics. results fresh garlic extract displayed evident inhibition properties against c. albicans and mrsa, yet weak inhibition properties against p. aeruginosa. additionally, fge showed the potential to improve the effect of antibiotics on antibiotic resistant pathogens. the synergism...

Various culture-based methodologies are used in assessment of antibiotic resistance in samples collected in agroecosystems. Culture-based methods commonly involve isolating target bacteria on general or selective media and assessing growth in response to specific concentrations of antibiotics. The advantages of culture-based methods are multifold. In particular, isolation of bacteria is key to ...

In the absence of the selecting drugs, chromosomal mutations for resistance to antibiotics and other chemotheraputic agents commonly engender a cost in the fitness of microorganisms. Recent in vivo and in vitro experimental studies of the adaptation to these "costs of resistance" in Escherichia coli, HIV, and Salmonella typhimurium found that evolution in the absence of these drugs commonly res...

the conjugative transfer ot genetic information tor antibiotic resistance between bacteria. Durng a hospital epidemic, a majority of Salmonella tvphimurium isolates were sensitive to all antibacterial drugs; but approximately 3 percent were resistant to three unrelated ones, and that multiple resistar.ce was transmrssible, in mixed broth culture, to Shigella sonnei. [The SC/ 5 indicates that th...

The legacy of the use and misuse of antibiotics in recent decades has left us with a global public health crisis: antibiotic-resistant bacteria are on the rise, making it harder to treat infections. At the same time, evolution of antibiotic resistance is probably the best-documented case of contemporary evolution. To date, research on antibiotic resistance has largely ignored the complexity of ...

Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem which threatens modern healthcare globally. Resistance has traditionally been viewed as a clinical problem, but recently non-clinical environments have been highlighted as an important factor in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events are likely to be common in aquatic environments; integrons in pa...

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria remains a major problem and environments that help to maintain such resistance, represent a significant problem to infection control in the community. Restrooms have always been regarded as potential sources of infectious diseases and we suggest they have the potential to sustain bacterial "resistomes". Recent studies have demonstrated the wide range of differe...

Antibiotic resistance of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from the surface microlayer and subsurface water of downtown pond was determined. The levels of resistance of bacteria to various antibiotics differed considerably. It follows from the results that bacteria were most resistant to penicillin and sensitive to gentamycin, neomycin and oxytetracycline. Majority of bacterial strains were chara...

The emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistance is a growing problem, yet the variables that influence the rate of emergence of resistance are not well understood. In a microfluidic device designed to mimic naturally occurring bacterial niches, resistance of Escherichia coli to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin developed within 10 hours. Resistance emerged with as few as 100 bacteria in the initial...

Global collective action is needed to address the growing transnational threat of antibiotic resistance (ABR). Some commentators have recommended an international legal agreement as the most promising mechanism for coordinating such action. While much has been said about what must be done to address ABR, far less work has analyzed how or where such collective action should be facilitated - even...