The NRC (1996) changed from the factorial protein system to a metabolizable protein (MP) system for beef cattle. In the MP system, dietary crude protein (CP) is subdivided into degraded intake protein (DIP) and undegraded intake protein (UIP). The quantity of microbial protein produced in the rumen dictates DIP requirements. Steam-flaked corn is the predominant grain used in the diets of finish...

Acute and chronic pollution of environments with crude oil does not bode well for biota living within the vicinity of polluted environments. This is due to environmental and public health concerns on the negative impact of crude oil pollution on living organisms. Enhancing microbial activities by adding nutrients and other amendments had proved effective in pollutant removal during bioremediati...

intercropping is considered as a method for increasing yield per unit and stability. in order to evaluate the effects of phosphorous biofertilizer and chemical phosphorous on fodder quality of corn (zea mays l.) and grass pea (lathyrus sativa l.) intercropping, two field experiments were conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with four replications at two places simult...

milk urea nitrogen (mun) of dairy cows was determined in relation to breed. a total of forty (40) pabna and red chittagong dairy cattle each of twenty (20) were selected to know the milk composition, nutritional status and milk urea nitrogen. live weight of pabna cattle (187±14 kg) was higher than that of red chittagong cattle (174±4 kg). in pabna cattle milk yield (4.94 kg), minerals (0.15%) a...

l- carnitine has been recognized as a new and important dietary supplementation, essential for human and animal nutrition. this study was conducted to evaluate the use of dietary l- carnitine supplementation and its effects on the growth (body final weight, daily growth rate (dgr), feed efficiency (fe), feed conversion ratio (fcr), daily feed intake  (dfi), protein efficiency ratio (per), lipid...

The amount of nitrogen gas (N2) available for microbial protein synthesis via nitrogen fixation in the rumen was estimated. Measurements were made of nitrogen fixation by ruminal ingesta from goats fed low protein rations for a prolonged period of time, and by ingesta from sheep fed high protein rations. Nitrogen fixation by rumen microorganisms incubated for 30 or 180 min in vitro was measured...

A simple, nonaseptic, low-cast process for the conversion of cassava, a starchy tropical root crop, into microbial protein for use as animal feed was sought. Screening tests culminated in the isolation of a thermotolerant, amylase-producing mold, designated I-21, which was identified as Aspergillus fumigatus. The optimum pH for protein synthesis was 3-5, but the optimum temperature was less tha...

Present experiment was conducted to study the effect of feeding lucerne straw and urea treated wheat based TMR (Total Mixed Ration) on nutrients intake, digestibility nutrients, rumen parameters, microbial protein synthesis enteric methane emissions in crossbred bullocks. Experiment 15 bullocks for 50 days using Completely Randomized Design. The animals control group (T1) were fed with 70% 30% ...

Ruminants make efficient use of diets that are poor in true protein content because microbes in the rumen are able to synthesize a large proportion of the animal’s required protein. The amino acid (AA) pattern of this protein is of better quality than nearly all of the dietary ingredients commonly fed to domestic ruminants (Broderick, 1994; Schwab, 1996). In addition, ruminal microbial utilizat...

six rumen fistulated adult sheep were used to assess the effect of tannins (hydrolysable tannin; hts) in oak leaves (quercus libani oliv.) on ruminal fermentation parameters in a change-over design experiment for 28 days in 3 periods. polyethylene glycol (peg) was used to deactivate the tannins. the three dietary treatments were control (alfalfa hay, barley grain, wheat bran, wheat straw); ol (...