This paper investigates the effects of human capital on productivity using micro panel data of rural households in the North­West Frontier Province, Pakistan, where a substantial job stratification is observed in terms of income and education. To clarify the mechanism underlying this stratification, the human capital effects are estimated for wages (individual level) and for self­employed activ...

The increasing recognition that the study of human behaviors has to take into account the multiple contexts in which they occur has opened a promising research avenue in social sciences. It also presents new challenges, i.e. to complement micro-level surveys with the collection of meaningful contextual data within a common conceptual framework. The international comparative Generations and Gend...

Most empirical studies of individual migration choice analyse factors associated with out-migration from an origin location. In contrast, we model the migration decision within the context of potential destinations, combining British panel data over the period 1992–2007 with other data sources. Contrary to earlier micro studies we show that differences in house prices levels (but not growth) ar...

This paper is motivated by the lack of any obvious relationship between aggregate poverty and unemployment in Great Britain. We derive a framework based on individuals’ risks of unemployment and poverty, and how these vary over the economic cycle. Analysing the British Household Panel Survey for 1991-96, we are able to square the micro evidence that unemployment matters for poverty with the mac...

According to the life-cycle theory of consumption and saving, foreseeable retirement events should not reduce consumption. This argument applies especially to housing consumption, whereas other consumption expenditures may fall when home production substitutes them (given higher leisure after retirement). Using micro panel data for German tenants we find that income drops at entering retirement...

We investigate the effects of human capital accumulation on trade and productivity by integrating a micro-founded education and fertility decision of households into a model of international trade with firm heterogeneity. Our theoretical framework leads to two testable implications: i) the export share of a country increases with the education level of its population, ii) the average profitabil...

The paper is concerned with the role of international outsourcing and import penetration for determining individual perceived job security. Combining industry-level outsourcing and trade measures with micro-level data from a large household panel survey, we estimate a number of conditional logit models accounting for the ordinal nature of reported job loss fears and individual unobserved hetero...

This paper develops a micro-perspective indicator of job stability, and by using data from the 2018 Micro China Family Panel Studies (CFPS-2018), it empirically examines impact stability on non-farm employment urban rural residents in China. The results showcase: Firstly, is core factor labor force participation at present; secondly, based heterogeneous exploration urban-rural household registr...

In vitro screening of thiacetazone derivatives indicated that two derivatives, SRI-286 and SRI-224, inhibited a panel of 25 Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) isolates at concentrations of 2 micro g/ml or lower. In mice, SRI-224 and thiacetazone had no significant activity against the MAC in livers and spleens, but treatment with SRI-286 resulted in significant reduction of bacterial loads in li...

Abstract Little evidence is available for the effect of competition on educational quality as only a few countries allow large-scale competition. In the Netherlands, free parental choice has been present since the beginning of the twentieth century and can be characterized as a full voucher program with 100 % funding. Based on micro panel data for the Netherlands, we show that there is a relati...