introduction ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap)  is one of the most serious and  prevalence of  complication  among patients in the intensive care unit nosocomial infections, which are often recognized after detecting symptoms. to date, there has been no proper clinical and diagnostic marker for early detection of this disease. in this study, two hcn4 and adam8 genes in patients with vap wer...

Glioblastoma is most common and most aggressive cancer of brain. for treatment surgery is first selection and radiation therapy then chemotherapy. The median survival of Patients with GBM is less than a year after diagnosis. Glioblastoma is basically resistant to common cancer treatments. today to improve the response of patients to treatment, a number of strategies such as the use of radiation...

Background Methylphenidate (MPH) is commonly prescribed for children who have been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, the action mechanisms of methylphenidate have not been fully elucidated. Studies have shown a relationship between apoptosis signaling pathways and psychiatric disorders, as well as therapeutic targets for such disorders. So, we examined the...

Background: Although testicular tissue cryopreservation could be advantageous for fertility preservation in cancerous children, the possibility of apoptosis incidence should not be ignored. Our aim was evaluation of the apoptosis incidence in mouse testicular tissue after vitrification and short-term culture. Materials and Methods: Testes of 7days old NMRI male mice were isolated, divided and d...

Background: Although testicular tissue cryopreservation could be advantageous for fertility preservation in cancerous children, the possibility of apoptosis incidence should not be ignored. Our aim was evaluation of the apoptosis incidence in mouse testicular tissue after vitrification and short-term culture. Materials and Methods: Testes of 7days old NMRI male mice were isolated, divided and d...

In studies of transgenic (Tg) mice that overexpress insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) exclusively in the CNS, we demonstrated a dramatic increase in cerebellar granule cell number that appeared to be attributable predominantly to enhanced survival. IGF-I anti-apoptotic actions are well established in cultured neurons, but comparable studies in vivo are few. Using the same Tg mice, therefore,...

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress caused by elevated partial pressure of oxygen during diving is a major contributor of inflammation and apoptosis. The underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. The aim of the study was to describe apoptotic gene regulation induced by a single air dive. METHODS 19 healthy volunteers were exposed to a 30-minute dive at 2.8 atmospheres (ATA) absolute in a...