We investigate the new problem of automatic metro map layout. In general, a metro map consists of a set of lines which have intersections or overlaps. We define a set of aesthetic criteria for good metro map layouts and present a method to produce such layouts automatically. Our method uses a variation of the spring algorithm with a suitable preprocessing step. The experimental results with rea...

On 15 April 2012 at around 13:00 local time, following a heavy rainfall in Tehran, a break in the channel wall of Kan River caused a flash flood in the Tehran metro tunnels. Consequently, line 4 of the metro went out of operation for about two weeks 1 . The flood was running for 30 hours in the metro system so that three stations were flooded causing damage to four trains and 28 wagons 2. It is...

BACKGROUND Magnitudes, geographic and racial variation in trends in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality within the US require updating for health services and health disparities research. Therefore the aim of this study is to present data on these trends through 2007. METHODS Data for CHD were analyzed using the US mortality files for 1999-2007 obtained from the US Centers for Disease Cont...

This paper presents, an in situ monitoring of the behaviour a partially saturated soil, subjected to unloading stress path resulting from excavations. The study case is 30m deep excavation for construction metro station, aim monitor evolution displacements and pore pressure during after different stages excavation. monitored soil expansive marl. first results have been collected analysed. Never...

The project of Hangzhou Metro Line 1 is the first metro line of the urban rapid rail transit system in Hangzhou, China, which is one of the largest municipal projects of Hangzhou and is being constructed commencing fromMarch 28, 2007 and expected to be completed by October 1, 2012. This metro line has a total length of 48 km and 34 stations, connecting Hangzhou downtown with the suburban area o...

We give a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in automated metro map layout. A large number of algorithms for computing metro maps have been developed over the last 10– 15 years by researchers in computer science and related fields. In this survey, we distinguish three subtasks of generating metro map layouts (schematic network layout, label placement, crossing minimization) and give...