The potential of microalgae as a source of renewable energy has received considerable interest now a days, but if microalgae biofuel production is to be economically viable and sustainable to mitigate the energy crises. As microalgae has group of advantages. So further optimization of growth conditions are needed to make a different sources which provide cost-effective and sustainable means of ...

This review summarizes recent trends in the field of enzymatic fuel cells. Thanks to the high specificity of enzymes, biofuel cells can generate electrical energy by oxidation of a targeted fuel (sugars, alcohols, or hydrogen) at the anode and reduction of oxidants (O2, H2O2) at the cathode in complex media. The combination of carbon nanotubes (CNT), enzymes and redox mediators was widely explo...

The purpose of this chapter is to review recent work in biofuel cells -that is, fuel cells relying at least in part on enzymatic catalysis for their activity. The chapter is divided into three sections: (1) a brief review of the principles common to fuel cells (both biological and non-biological), supported with a bibliography of more comprehensive treatments, (2) an overview of the literature ...

Microalgal biofuel research in China has made noticeable progress, and algae cultivation for biofuel production is considered to be an important contribution to Greenhouse Gas (GHG) mitigation and energy security. In this paper, the algal biofuel potentiality in China was reviewed from the points of view of algal biodiversity, algal culture collection, GHGs (especially CO2) mitigation, and the ...

Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) is a system in which cellulase production, substrate hydrolysis, and fermentation are accomplished in a single process step by cellulolytic microorganisms. CBP offers the potential for lower biofuel production costs due to simpler feedstock processing, lower energy inputs, and higher conversion efficiencies than separate hydrolysis and fermentation processes, an...

Laccases are multicopper oxidoreductases with broad substrate specificity and are applied in biofuel cells at the cathode to improve its oxygen reduction performance. However, the production of laccases by e.g. fungi is often accompanied by the need of synthetic growth supplements for increased enzyme production. In this study we present a strategy for the white-rot fungus Pleurotus sajor-caju ...

Biofuel cells (BFCs) that utilize enzymes as catalysts represent a new sustainable and renewable energy technology. Numerous efforts have been directed to improve the performance of the enzymatic BFCs (EBFCs) with respect to power output and operational stability for further applications in portable power sources, self-powered electrochemical sensing, implantable medical devices, etc. The lates...

permafrost). Of the remainder, the vast majority is groundwater, so that just 0.4 per cent of the world's total freshwater is available at the surface as lakes, soil moisture, air humidity, marshes, wetlands, rivers and biomass. And water is proving an increasingly critical component in agricultural activities. Earlier this month, the Chinese government declared an emergency for the first time ...

Using second-generation biomass and biofuel deal with environmental pollution and CO2 emissions. Therefore, this paper design an integrated multi-period bi-objective biofuel supply chain network using support vector machine (SVM) and economic analysis to reduce the cost of generating biofuels and CO2 emissions. The economic analysis consists of three scenarios for supplyin...